Yu Xiang, Wu Zhuangwei, Song Zhigao, Zhang Hongbin, Zhan Junfang, Yu Hao, Huang Hongyan, Yang Baolin, Xie Lang, Dai Xiaojiang, Zhao Weiguo, Yu Jinlong, Wu Liangping
Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Feb 21;11:273. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00273. eCollection 2020.
In recent years, bariatric surgery has emerged as a promising treatment for type 2 diabetes. Bariatric surgery is known to cause alterations in the relative abundance and composition of gut microbiota, which may lead to alterations in the levels of Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) that are produced during fermentation by gut microbes. However, little is known about the mechanism of improved glucose metabolism mediated by gut microbiota following bariatric surgery. The aim of our study was to explore whether changes in gut microbiota and in fecal SCFA could be detected following single-anastomosis duodenal jejunal bypass (DJB-sa) surgery, a type of bariatric surgery, and whether these alterations might be related to the improvement of glucose metabolism. To this end, we performed DJB-sa or SHAM surgery on Goto-Kakisaki (GK) rats. We then compared the glucose metabolism as well as changes in gut microbiota and SCFAs levels between both groups. Our results showed that DJB-sa surgery was associated with a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose (FBG), intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), and fasting serum insulin (FSI). And, DJB-sa led to a change in the composition of gut microbiota including an increase in the relative abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria ( and ). Moreover, the levels of six SCFAs in feces, as well as the intestinal expression of SCFA receptors including G-protein-coupled receptor 41 (GPR41), G-protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43), and G-protein-coupled receptor 109A (GPR109A), and the expression of Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) displayed a significant increase following DJB-sa compared with the Sham group. Thus, the gut microbiota may contribute to the improvement of glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes following DJB-sa. In conclusion, our study shows that DJB-sa improves glucose metabolism by modulating gut microbiota and by increasing short-chain fatty acid production.
近年来，减重手术已成为治疗2型糖尿病的一种有前景的方法。已知减重手术会导致肠道微生物群的相对丰度和组成发生改变，这可能会导致肠道微生物在发酵过程中产生的短链脂肪酸（SCFA）水平发生变化。然而，关于减重手术后肠道微生物群介导的葡萄糖代谢改善机制知之甚少。我们研究的目的是探讨在一种减重手术——单吻合十二指肠空肠旁路术（DJB-sa）后，是否能检测到肠道微生物群和粪便SCFA的变化，以及这些改变是否可能与葡萄糖代谢的改善有关。为此，我们对Goto-Kakisaki（GK）大鼠进行了DJB-sa或假手术。然后我们比较了两组之间的葡萄糖代谢以及肠道微生物群和SCFA水平的变化。我们的结果表明，DJB-sa手术与空腹血糖（FBG）、腹腔内葡萄糖耐量试验（IPGTT）和空腹血清胰岛素（FSI）的显著降低有关。而且，DJB-sa导致肠道微生物群组成发生变化，包括产生SCFA的细菌（和）相对丰度增加。此外，与假手术组相比，DJB-sa术后粪便中六种SCFA的水平、包括G蛋白偶联受体41（GPR41）、G蛋白偶联受体43（GPR43）和G蛋白偶联受体109A（GPR109A）在内的SCFA受体的肠道表达以及胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）的表达均显著增加。因此，肠道微生物群可能有助于DJB-sa术后2型糖尿病患者葡萄糖代谢的改善。总之，我们的研究表明，DJB-sa通过调节肠道微生物群和增加短链脂肪酸的产生来改善葡萄糖代谢。
