几内亚比绍营养不良成年人的饮食摄入情况；一项横断面研究。
Dietary intake in undernourished adults living in Guinea-Bissau; a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Patsche Cecilie Blenstrup, Rudolf Frauke, da Silva Mendes Antonio Mateus, da Cunha Idalina, Gomes Victor Francisco, Wejse Christian, Jeppesen Charlotte
机构信息
1Bandim Health Project, INDEPTH network, Apertado 861 GW-1004 Bissau-Codex, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.
2Center for Global Health (GloHAU), Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2, building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
出版信息
BMC Nutr. 2019 Feb 15;5:13. doi: 10.1186/s40795-019-0276-9. eCollection 2019.
BACKGROUND
Data on dietary intake in Guinea-Bissau is limited. The main purpose of this study was to compare mean daily energy intake (EI) with mean daily energy expenditure (EE) for a moderately active lifestyle in health-seeking individuals with a body mass index < 20.0 kg/m. Furthermore, dietary composition was evaluated by estimates of macronutrient energy distribution, individual dietary diversity scores, and the identification of frequently consumed food items, stratified by sex.
METHODS
A cross-sectional dietary survey was conducted at the suburban health- and demographic surveillance site in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa, from May 2014-February 2015. Each participant answered one interviewer-administered 24-h dietary recall at baseline, from which dietary intake was assessed. Differences in dietary intake between men and women were analysed using the test or Fisher's Exact test for categorical outcomes, and the Student's t-test for continuous variables.
RESULTS
Forty-three men and forty-eight women were included. Mean EI for men was 6326 kJ/d (sd 2104) and for women 6822 kJ/d (sd 2210). Mean EE for a moderately active lifestyle with a physical activity level of 1.75 was 10,479 kJ/d (sd 658) for men and 8729 kJ/d (sd 731) for women. Both men and women had a significantly lower mean EI compared with mean EE (-values both < 0.001). Dietary diversity was low with a score of 3.5 (sd 1.0) for men and 4.0 (sd 1.3) for women, value 0.046. Macronutrient energy was distributed as 66% (sd 11) carbohydrate, 15% (sd 5) protein, and 19% (sd 9) fat, with no significant difference in distribution between men and women. Consumption of starchy and sugary carbohydrates accounted for two thirds of mean EI. Cereals were the main source of protein, in place of animal protein.
CONCLUSIONS
Both men and women in this study had low mean EI compared with mean EE for a moderately active lifestyle. Dietary intake was characterized by a seemingly low dietary diversity and imbalanced macronutrient energy distribution, comprising insufficient fat intake and excess carbohydrate intake. Cereals were the main source of protein.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
PACTR2009110001673419. Registered 22 Oct 2009.
背景
几内亚比绍的饮食摄入数据有限。本研究的主要目的是比较体重指数<20.0kg/m²的寻求健康的适度活跃生活方式个体的每日平均能量摄入（EI）与每日平均能量消耗（EE）。此外，通过对宏量营养素能量分布的估计、个体饮食多样性得分以及按性别分层的常见消费食品的识别来评估饮食组成。
方法
2014年5月至2015年2月在西非几内亚比绍的郊区健康与人口监测点进行了一项横断面饮食调查。每位参与者在基线时回答一份由访谈员管理的24小时饮食回顾，据此评估饮食摄入量。使用卡方检验或Fisher精确检验分析男性和女性饮食摄入量的分类结果差异，使用学生t检验分析连续变量差异。
结果
纳入43名男性和48名女性。男性的平均EI为6326kJ/d（标准差2104），女性为6822kJ/d（标准差2210）。身体活动水平为1.75的适度活跃生活方式的男性平均EE为10479kJ/d（标准差658），女性为8729kJ/d（标准差731）。男性和女性的平均EI均显著低于平均EE（P值均<0.001）。饮食多样性较低，男性得分为3.5（标准差1.0），女性为4.0（标准差1.3），P值为0.046。宏量营养素能量分布为66%（标准差11）碳水化合物、15%（标准差5）蛋白质和19%（标准差9）脂肪，男性和女性之间的分布无显著差异。淀粉类和糖类碳水化合物的摄入量占平均EI的三分之二。谷物是蛋白质的主要来源，取代了动物蛋白。
结论
本研究中的男性和女性与适度活跃生活方式的平均EE相比，平均EI均较低。饮食摄入的特点是饮食多样性似乎较低，宏量营养素能量分布不均衡，包括脂肪摄入不足和碳水化合物摄入过多。谷物是蛋白质的主要来源。
试验注册
PACTR2009110001673419。2009年10月22日注册。
Zotero 插件