Ubags Niki D, Baker Jonathan, Boots Agnes, Costa Rita, El-Merhie Natalia, Fabre Aurélie, Faiz Alen, Heijink Irene H, Hiemstra Pieter S, Lehmann Mareike, Meiners Silke, Rolandsson Enes Sara, Bartel Sabine
Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Service de Pneumologie, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
ERJ Open Res. 2020 Mar 2;6(1). doi: 10.1183/23120541.00350-2019. eCollection 2020 Jan.
In this review, the Basic and Translational Sciences Assembly of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) provides an overview of the 2019 ERS International Congress highlights. In particular, we discuss how the novel and very promising technology of single cell sequencing has led to the development of a comprehensive map of the human lung, the lung cell atlas, including the discovery of novel cell types and new insights into cellular trajectories in lung health and disease. Further, we summarise recent insights in the field of respiratory infections, which can aid in a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these infections in order to develop novel vaccines and improved treatment options. Novel concepts delineating the early origins of lung disease are focused on the effects of pre- and post-natal exposures on neonatal lung development and long-term lung health. Moreover, we discuss how these early life exposures can affect the lung microbiome and respiratory infections. In addition, the importance of metabolomics and mitochondrial function analysis to subphenotype chronic lung disease patients according to their metabolic program is described. Finally, basic and translational respiratory science is rapidly moving forward and this will be beneficial for an advanced molecular understanding of the mechanisms underlying a variety of lung diseases. In the long-term this will aid in the development of novel therapeutic targeting strategies in the field of respiratory medicine.
在本综述中，欧洲呼吸学会（ERS）基础与转化科学委员会概述了2019年ERS国际大会的亮点。特别是，我们讨论了单细胞测序这项新颖且非常有前景的技术如何促成了人类肺部综合图谱——肺细胞图谱的绘制，包括发现新型细胞类型以及对肺部健康和疾病中细胞轨迹的新见解。此外，我们总结了呼吸道感染领域的最新见解，这有助于更好地理解这些感染背后的分子机制，从而开发新型疫苗和改进治疗方案。描绘肺部疾病早期起源的新概念聚焦于产前和产后暴露对新生儿肺部发育和长期肺部健康的影响。此外，我们还讨论了这些早期生活暴露如何影响肺部微生物群和呼吸道感染。此外，还介绍了代谢组学和线粒体功能分析根据代谢程序对慢性肺病患者进行亚表型分析的重要性。最后，基础和转化呼吸科学正在迅速发展，这将有助于从分子层面深入理解各种肺部疾病的发病机制。从长远来看，这将有助于在呼吸医学领域开发新型治疗靶向策略。
