Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BTAmsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, 16 De Crespigny Park, LondonSE5 8AF, UK.
Psychol Med. 2021 May;51(7):1099-1110. doi: 10.1017/S0033291720000355. Epub 2020 Mar 11.
Twenty-first century urbanization poses increasing challenges for mental health. Epidemiological studies have shown that mental health problems often accumulate in urban areas, compared to rural areas, and suggested possible underlying causes associated with the social and physical urban environments. Emerging work indicates complex urban effects that depend on many individual and contextual factors at the neighbourhood and country level and novel experimental work is starting to dissect potential underlying mechanisms. This review summarizes findings from epidemiology and population-based studies, neuroscience, experimental and experience-based research and illustrates how a combined approach can move the field towards an increased understanding of the urbanicity-mental health nexus.
二十一世纪的城市化给心理健康带来了越来越多的挑战。 流行病学研究表明，与农村地区相比，精神健康问题往往在城市地区积累，并提出了与城市社会和物理环境相关的可能潜在原因。 新兴的研究工作表明，复杂的城市效应取决于社区和国家层面的许多个体和环境因素，新的实验工作也开始剖析潜在的潜在机制。 本综述总结了来自流行病学和基于人群的研究、神经科学、实验和基于经验的研究的发现，并说明了如何结合多种方法来增进对城市性与心理健康关系的理解。
