Lee Sunwoo, Lee Chungsup, An Jaesung
1Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Třída Míru 117, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
2Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, California State University, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA.
Eur Rev Aging Phys Act. 2020 Mar 4;17:6. doi: 10.1186/s11556-020-00238-6. eCollection 2020.
Still, a considerable number of older adults hardly meet the daily physical activity recommendation. The current study examined how the elderly's attitudinal and perceptional aspects were associated with their Leisure-Time Physical Activity (LTPA) participation in order to provide insight into the physical activity promotion.
Study used a total sample of 10,700 older adults aged 65+ drawn from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) 2014-2015 in USA. Multiple questionnaire items were employed to assess older adults' attitudes and outlook across different life domains. LTPA participation was measured using two indicators-walking and sports/exercise. A technique of adjusted multivariate analysis was employed to examine the relationships between predictors and outcome variables.
Results indicated that psychosocial indicators were significantly associated with older adults' LTPA: self-perception of ageing, self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, spiritual engagement, perceived social tie and neighbourhood safety; while measures of perceived social relations and neighbourhood safety demonstrated different associations with walking and sports/exercise on its intensity.
Health professionals should be well-informed about psychosocial roles, either as facilitators or constraints, in older adults' physical activity participation. Incorporation of psychosocial intervention into physical activity promotion can help older adults develop positive attitudes and inner strength linked to their health behaviour.
尽管如此，仍有相当数量的老年人几乎达不到日常体育活动的建议量。本研究调查了老年人的态度和认知方面如何与他们的休闲时间体育活动（LTPA）参与情况相关联，以便深入了解体育活动促进情况。
该研究使用了从2014 - 2015年美国健康与退休研究（HRS）中抽取的10700名65岁及以上老年人的总样本。采用多个问卷调查项目来评估老年人在不同生活领域的态度和观念。LTPA参与情况通过两个指标来衡量——步行和体育活动/锻炼。采用调整后的多变量分析技术来检验预测因素与结果变量之间的关系。
结果表明，心理社会指标与老年人的LTPA显著相关：对衰老的自我认知、自我效能感、内在动机、精神参与、感知到的社会关系和邻里安全；而感知到的社会关系和邻里安全措施在其强度上与步行和体育活动/锻炼表现出不同的关联。
健康专业人员应该充分了解心理社会因素在老年人体育活动参与中作为促进因素或制约因素所起的作用。将心理社会干预纳入体育活动促进中可以帮助老年人培养与他们健康行为相关的积极态度和内在力量。
