Borthakur Madhusmita, Gurung Arun Bahadur, Bhattacharjee Atanu, Joshi S R
Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India.
Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India.
Mycobiology. 2020 Feb 13;48(1):58-69. doi: 10.1080/12298093.2020.1723388. eCollection 2020.
Meghalaya, (in India), in the region of the mega-biodiversity hotspots, is home to a plethora of wild mushrooms. The present study concerns the exploration of the order Agaricales, which includes rare gilled mushrooms considered endangered under IUCN A4c criteria, due to the declining habitat. Electron microscopy of the gill sections revealed an abundance of clamp connections, hyphal cell walls, cystidia, and basidia. This rare species which belongs to the family Cyphellaceae, exhibits morphological and molecular differences from the spp. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that it formed a clade under the genus of the order Agaricales, confirmed by both Neighbor Joining (NJ) and Bayesian phylogenetic analysis. Being nutritionally potent along with its efficient antioxidant value, the fungal extract shows significant rise of two-fold in the antimicrobial activity along with the commercial antibiotics. The compound, Phenol, 2, 4-bis (1, 1-Dimethylethyl) (2, 4-DTBP) showed in ample range in the fungal extract along with aliphatic hydrocarbons, terpene, alcohol and volatile organic compounds on further characterization in GCMS. The present study indicates the endangered could be a rich source of natural antioxidants and an effective pharmaceutical agent.
印度的梅加拉亚邦位于巨型生物多样性热点地区，拥有大量野生蘑菇。本研究关注伞菌目真菌的探索，其中包括一些因栖息地减少而被世界自然保护联盟（IUCN）A4c标准列为濒危的珍稀有褶蘑菇。对菌褶切片的电子显微镜观察显示，有大量的锁状联合、菌丝细胞壁、囊状体和担子。这种属于杯伞科的珍稀物种，在形态和分子上与其他物种存在差异。系统发育分析表明，通过邻接法（NJ）和贝叶斯系统发育分析均证实，它在伞菌目的某一属名下形成了一个分支。这种真菌提取物营养丰富且具有高效的抗氧化价值，与商业抗生素相比，其抗菌活性显著提高了两倍。在气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GCMS）进一步分析中发现，该真菌提取物中除了含有脂肪烃、萜烯、醇类和挥发性有机化合物外，还含有大量的2,4 - 双（1,1 - 二甲基乙基）苯酚（2,4 - DTBP）。本研究表明，这种濒危物种可能是天然抗氧化剂的丰富来源和一种有效的药剂。
