Fowler P C, Zillmer E, Newman A C
Division of Child & Family Psychiatry, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville 22901.
J Clin Psychol. 1988 Nov;44(6):898-906. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198811)44:6<898::aid-jclp2270440609>3.0.co;2-a.
An oblique, five-factor model of a modified Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery is presented. One hundred fifty-one neuropsychiatric inpatients (94 men, 57 women) were examined on 44 neuropsychological indices. Five correlated dimensions (r = .25), viz., Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Organization, Sensory-attention, Primary Motor, and Tactile-spatial abilities, were identified by maximum likelihood factor analyses of this correlation matrix. These findings are quite similar to those reported earlier by Fowler, Richards, Berent, and Boll (1985, 1987) and Royce, Yeudall, and Bock (1976). The factors may be broadly categorized using the distinction made by Lezak (1983) for verbal, nonverbal, and mental activity variables. MANOVAs revealed systematic relationships between simple-weighted factor scores and: (1) the overall level of cognitive functioning (p less than .01), as well as (2) psychiatric diagnosis (p less than .01). Implications of these findings for understanding the impact of neuropsychiatric disorders on the structure of abilities for such patients are developed.
本文提出了一种改良版哈雷特-雷顿神经心理测验量表的斜交五因素模型。对151名神经精神科住院患者（94名男性，57名女性）进行了44项神经心理学指标的测试。通过对该相关矩阵进行极大似然因子分析，确定了五个相关维度（r = 0.25），即言语理解、知觉组织、感觉注意、初级运动和触觉空间能力。这些发现与福勒、理查兹、贝伦特和博尔（1985年、1987年）以及罗伊斯、尤德尔和博克（1976年）早期报告的结果非常相似。利用莱扎克（1983年）对言语、非言语和心理活动变量所做的区分，这些因素可大致归类。多变量方差分析揭示了简单加权因子得分与以下方面之间的系统关系：（1）认知功能的总体水平（p < 0.01），以及（2）精神科诊断（p < 0.01）。本文探讨了这些发现对于理解神经精神障碍对此类患者能力结构的影响的意义。
