婴儿的广义模仿。

Generalized imitation in infants.

作者信息

Poulson C L, Kymissis E

机构信息

Department of Psychology, Queens College/CUNY, Flushing 11367/0904.

出版信息

J Exp Child Psychol. 1988 Dec;46(3):324-36. doi: 10.1016/0022-0965(88)90064-1.

DOI:10.1016/0022-0965(88)90064-1

PMID:3216185

Abstract

Effects of modeling and contingent praise on infant's motor response topographies were experimentally analyzed. Three 10-month-old male infants and their mothers participated in 20-min. experimental sessions two to four times a week for 2 to 7 months. During each session a mother presented her infant with 15 toys randomly selected from a pool of 45. The infant was allowed to play with each toy for 1 min. During treatment the mother modeled prescribed responses with each toy, and during 10 training trials per session, she praised her infant if he emitted topographically similar responses. Interspersed among training trials were five probe trials for which praise was seldom available. All three infants showed systematic increases in the targeted training and probe response topographies following the introduction of the modeling and praise treatment procedure. Thus, responding during probes demonstrated generalized imitation with infants, a new and developmentally important population.

摘要

对示范和偶发性表扬对婴儿运动反应形态的影响进行了实验分析。三名10个月大的男婴及其母亲参加了每周两到四次、每次20分钟的实验环节，持续2至7个月。在每个环节中，母亲会从45个玩具的集合中随机挑选15个玩具给婴儿。每个玩具允许婴儿玩1分钟。在治疗过程中，母亲对每个玩具做出规定的反应进行示范，并且在每个环节的10次训练试验中，如果婴儿发出形态相似的反应，她就会表扬婴儿。在训练试验中穿插着五次很少给予表扬的探测试验。在引入示范和表扬治疗程序后，所有三名婴儿在目标训练和探测反应形态上都出现了系统性的增加。因此，在探测试验中的反应表明婴儿具有广义模仿能力，这是一个新的且在发育上具有重要意义的群体。