新型冠状病毒肺炎与其他肺炎的临床特征比较研究。
A Comparative Study on the Clinical Features of Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia With Other Pneumonias.
机构信息
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Anhui, China.
出版信息
Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Jul 28;71(15):756-761. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa247.
BACKGROUND
A novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has raised world concern since it emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The infection may result in severe pneumonia with clusters of illness onsets. Its impacts on public health make it paramount to clarify the clinical features with other pneumonias.
METHODS
Nineteen COVID-19 and 15 other patients with pneumonia (non-COVID-19) in areas outside of Hubei were involved in this study. Both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients were confirmed to be infected using throat swabs and/or sputa with/without COVID-2019 by real-time RT-PCR. We analyzed the demographic, epidemiological, clinical, and radiological features from those patients, and compared the differences between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19.
RESULTS
All patients had a history of exposure to confirmed cases of COVID-19 or travel to Hubei before illness. The median (IQR) duration was 8 (6-11) and 5 (4-11) days from exposure to onset in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cases, respectively. The clinical symptoms were similar between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19. The most common symptoms were fever and cough. Fifteen (78.95%) COVID-19 but 4 (26.67%) non-COVID-19 patients had bilateral involvement while 17 COVID-19 patients (89.47%) but 1 non-COVID-19 patient (6.67%) had multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity on chest CT images. Compared with non-COVID-19, COVID-19 presents remarkably more abnormal laboratory tests, including AST, ALT, γ-GT, LDH, and α-HBDH.
CONCLUSIONS
The COVID-19 infection has onsets similar to other pneumonias. CT scan may be a reliable test for screening COVID-19 cases. Liver function damage is more frequent in COVID-19 than non-COVID-19 patients. LDH and α-HBDH may be considerable markers for evaluation of COVID-19.
背景
一种新型冠状病毒（COVID-19）自 2019 年 12 月在中国武汉出现以来引起了全球关注。该感染可能导致严重肺炎，并伴有集群性疾病发作。其对公共卫生的影响使得阐明其与其他肺炎的临床特征至关重要。
方法
本研究纳入了来自湖北以外地区的 19 例 COVID-19 患者和 15 例其他肺炎（非 COVID-19）患者。通过实时 RT-PCR 对所有患者的咽拭子和/或痰液进行 COVID-2019 检测，以确认感染。我们分析了这些患者的人口统计学、流行病学、临床和影像学特征，并比较了 COVID-19 和非 COVID-19 之间的差异。
结果
所有患者均有接触确诊 COVID-19 病例或发病前前往湖北的病史。COVID-19 组和非 COVID-19 组从接触到发病的中位（IQR）时间分别为 8（6-11）和 5（4-11）天。COVID-19 和非 COVID-19 患者的临床症状相似，最常见的症状是发热和咳嗽。15 例（78.95%）COVID-19 患者和 4 例（26.67%）非 COVID-19 患者存在双侧受累，17 例（89.47%）COVID-19 患者和 1 例（6.67%）非 COVID-19 患者存在多发斑片状和磨玻璃影。与非 COVID-19 相比，COVID-19 患者的实验室检查异常更为明显，包括 AST、ALT、γ-GT、LDH 和 α-HBDH。
结论
COVID-19 感染的发病与其他肺炎相似。CT 扫描可能是筛查 COVID-19 病例的可靠检查方法。COVID-19 患者的肝功能损伤比非 COVID-19 患者更为常见。LDH 和 α-HBDH 可能是评估 COVID-19 的重要标志物。
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