State University of New York at Binghamton.
The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
J Pers Disord. 2021 Aug;35(4):538-553. doi: 10.1521/pedi_2020_34_473. Epub 2020 Mar 12.
Theory of mind (ToM) impairments are well documented in schizophrenia, although it remains unclear whether these deficits exist among individuals with schizotypy. The current study sought to shed light on mixed findings in schizotypy by differentiating between various aspects of ToM, (cognitive/affective ToM and overmentalization/undermentalization). A three-group design (positive schizotypy, negative affect, and healthy control) was used to assess ToM performance on the Movie for Assessment of Social Cognition. Results indicated that the positive schizotypy group made greater intent overmentalization errors than both control groups. The schizotypy and negative affect groups made greater emotion overmentalization errors relative to healthy controls. In addition, the authors explored the relationship between ToM, schizotypal traits, and psychosocial functioning. Results demonstrated a significant positive relationship between cognitive-perceptual schizotypal traits and intent overmentalization as well as a significant positive relationship between interpersonal traits and emotion overmentalization. Finally, intent and emotion overmentalization were both related to poorer psychosocial functioning.
心理理论（Theory of mind，ToM）缺陷在精神分裂症中已有充分记录，尽管在精神质个体中是否存在这些缺陷仍不清楚。本研究旨在通过区分心理理论的不同方面（认知/情感心理理论和过度心理化/不足心理化），阐明精神质研究中的混合结果。采用三组设计（正性精神质、负性情绪和健康对照组）评估社会认知电影评估中的心理理论表现。结果表明，正性精神质组比对照组更容易出现意图过度心理化错误。精神质组和负性情绪组比健康对照组更容易出现情绪过度心理化错误。此外，作者还探讨了心理理论与精神质特质和心理社会功能之间的关系。结果表明，认知知觉特质与意图过度心理化呈显著正相关，人际特质与情绪过度心理化呈显著正相关。最后，意图和情绪过度心理化都与较差的心理社会功能有关。
