Experimental Demonstration Center, College of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
College of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
PLoS One. 2020 Mar 12;15(3):e0229529. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229529. eCollection 2020.
Knowledge, attitude and willingness of ethnic minorities in China towards cadaver donation programs were assessed. Questionnaire and interviews were conducted to investigate Yi, Bai, Hani, Dai and Han ethnicities. Educational level and per capita income of ethnic minorities were lesser than those of Han ethnicity (p<0.01). Agriculture was the primary occupation and proportions of technical personnel and public officials was lesser among ethnic minorities (p<0.01). Surveyed ethnic minorities universally practice religious traditions, Bai and Dai ethnicities practice Buddhist beliefs also (p<0.01). Knowledge of Yi, Bai, Hani and Dai ethnic respondents was lesser than those of Han ethnicity (p<0.01). Over 83.8% of Yi, Bai, Hani and Dai ethnicity residents were unwilling to register for body donation programs with receiving a driver's license (p<0.01). Less than 46.9% of ethnic minorities supported use of honorary certificates (p<0.01). Ethnic minorities were supportive of financial compensation for body donations and denied that financial compensation led to the commercialization of cadaver donation (p<0.01, p<0.01). Willingness of ethnic minorities to participate in cadaver donation programs was primarily related to religious beliefs (p<0.01), economic status (p<0.01). Knowledge, attitude and willingness of ethnic minorities to participate in cadaver donation programs were markedly different from those of Han ethnicity, and the religious belief and economic status played a decisive role. To increase participation, programs based on respecting religious belief should be developed to support improvements in economy, education, medical care and social security system.
本研究旨在评估中国少数民族对遗体捐献计划的认知、态度和意愿。采用问卷调查和访谈的方式，对彝族、白族、哈尼族、傣族和汉族进行了调查。少数民族的受教育程度和人均收入均低于汉族（p<0.01）。少数民族的主要职业是农业，技术人员和公务员的比例也低于汉族（p<0.01）。调查的少数民族普遍遵循宗教传统，白族和傣族还信奉佛教（p<0.01）。彝族、白族、哈尼族和傣族受访者的知识水平均低于汉族（p<0.01）。超过 83.8%的彝族、白族、哈尼族和傣族居民不愿意注册遗体捐献计划以换取驾照（p<0.01）。不到 46.9%的少数民族支持使用荣誉证书（p<0.01）。少数民族支持对遗体捐献给予经济补偿，并否认经济补偿会导致遗体捐献的商业化（p<0.01，p<0.01）。少数民族参与遗体捐献计划的意愿主要与宗教信仰（p<0.01）和经济状况（p<0.01）有关。少数民族对参与遗体捐献计划的认知、态度和意愿明显不同于汉族，宗教信仰和经济状况起着决定性的作用。为了增加参与度，应制定尊重宗教信仰的计划，支持经济、教育、医疗和社会保障制度的改善。
