VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA.
Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
Cells. 2020 Mar 10;9(3):677. doi: 10.3390/cells9030677.
Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death occurs in many eye diseases, such as glaucoma and traumatic optic neuropathy (TON). Increasing evidence suggests that the susceptibility of RGCs varies to different diseases in an RGC type-dependent manner. We previously showed that the susceptibility of several genetically identified RGC types to -methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) excitotoxicity differs significantly. In this study, we characterize the susceptibility of the same RGC types to optic nerve crush (ONC). We show that the susceptibility of these RGC types to ONC varies significantly, in which BD-RGCs are the most resistant RGC type while W3-RGCs are the most sensitive cells to ONC. We also show that the survival rates of BD-RGCs and J-RGCs after ONC are significantly higher than their survival rates after NMDA excitotoxicity. These results are consistent with the conclusion that the susceptibility of RGCs to ONC varies in an RGC type-dependent manner. Further, the susceptibilities of the same types of RGCs to ONC and NMDA excitotoxicity are significantly different. These are valuable insights for understanding of the selective susceptibility of RGCs to various pathological insults and the development of a strategy to protect RGCs from death in disease conditions.
视网膜神经节细胞 (RGC) 死亡发生在许多眼部疾病中，如青光眼和创伤性视神经病变 (TON)。越来越多的证据表明，RGC 对不同疾病的易感性以 RGC 类型依赖性的方式变化。我们之前表明，几种基因鉴定的 RGC 类型对 -甲基-D-天冬氨酸 (NMDA) 兴奋性毒性的敏感性有很大差异。在这项研究中，我们描述了相同 RGC 类型对视神经挤压 (ONC) 的敏感性。我们表明，这些 RGC 类型对 ONC 的敏感性差异很大，其中 BD-RGC 是最具抗性的 RGC 类型，而 W3-RGC 对 ONC 最敏感。我们还表明，BD-RGC 和 J-RGC 在 ONC 后的存活率明显高于 NMDA 兴奋性毒性后的存活率。这些结果与 RGC 对 ONC 的易感性以 RGC 类型依赖性的方式变化的结论一致。此外，相同类型的 RGC 对 ONC 和 NMDA 兴奋性毒性的敏感性明显不同。这些对于理解 RGC 对各种病理损伤的选择性易感性以及制定在疾病状态下保护 RGC 免于死亡的策略非常有价值。
