Igari J, Shitara M, Shitara S, Yoshimoto K, Hayashi Y, Kosakai N
Department of Clinical Pathology School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ryukyus.
Jpn J Antibiot. 1988 May;41(5):485-93.
We described antimicrobial susceptibilities of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in 1985 and also a 6-year survey of changing patterns of their susceptibilities to ampicillin (ABPC), cefazolin (CEZ), cefmetazole (CMZ) and gentamicin (GM) from 1980 to 1985 in 103 hospitals. The MICs were determined by the standard method of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy. Among 2,891 isolates in 1985, ratios of resistant strains to ABPC and GM were 24% and 29%, respectively, and those to CEZ and CMZ were 8% and 3%, respectively. Gradual increases in numbers of resistant strains to ABPC, CEZ and CMZ were observed until 1984 but a trend for decreases in numbers of resistant strains to the above 3 antibiotics was observed in 1985. A continuous rise in numbers of resistant strains to GM until 1985 was noted. Isolates from clinical materials such as pus, bile, and urine showed higher incidences of resistance to ABPC and GM than those from sputum, secreta and throat swab. Rates of resistant strains to CEZ were the highest in isolates from bile, pus, sputum and urine. Rates of resistant strains to CMZ were the highest in isolates from bile, and decreased in isolates from sputum, urine and pus in this order. Rates of resistant isolates from inpatients to the 4 antibiotics tested were greater than those from outpatients.
我们于1985年描述了金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离株的抗菌药敏情况，还对1980年至1985年期间103家医院的金黄色葡萄球菌对氨苄西林（ABPC）、头孢唑林（CEZ）、头孢美唑（CMZ）和庆大霉素（GM）药敏模式的变化进行了为期6年的调查。最低抑菌浓度（MIC）通过日本化疗协会的标准方法测定。1985年的2891株分离株中，对ABPC和GM的耐药菌株比例分别为24%和29%，对CEZ和CMZ的耐药菌株比例分别为8%和3%。1984年之前，对ABPC、CEZ和CMZ的耐药菌株数量逐渐增加，但1985年观察到对上述3种抗生素的耐药菌株数量有下降趋势。1985年之前，对GM的耐药菌株数量持续上升。来自脓液、胆汁和尿液等临床材料的分离株对ABPC和GM的耐药发生率高于来自痰液、分泌物和咽拭子的分离株。胆汁、脓液、痰液和尿液分离株对CEZ的耐药菌株比例最高。胆汁分离株对CMZ的耐药菌株比例最高，痰液、尿液和脓液分离株的耐药菌株比例依次降低。住院患者对所检测的4种抗生素的耐药分离株比例高于门诊患者。
