Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Harvard Kennedy School, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Food Nutr Bull. 2020 Jun;41(2):275-292. doi: 10.1177/0379572119895097. Epub 2020 Mar 13.
The Government of Ethiopia and development partners have invested heavily in nutrition through multisectoral nutrition programs and the recently announced Food and Nutrition Policy. By making nutrition a political priority, the government has enabled multisectoral collaboration.
To trace the development of multisectoral nutrition policy in Ethiopia and identify lessons learned from implementation.
We utilize the literature and stakeholder interviews across government ministries, donors, and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to analyze Ethiopia's progress toward multisectoral nutrition governance through 5 lenses: coordination and structural accountability, political commitment, financing, human resources, and data monitoring and transparency.
Despite significant progress, coordination and structural accountability for nutrition activities and outcomes across and within sectors remain challenges. While political will is strong, financing is often insufficient. Ethiopia has a shortage of nutrition policy makers and experts but is investing in education to close this gap. Finally, wider sharing of data across ministries and partners would enable enhanced feedback and improvement upon existing programs. Several lessons are notable for policy makers and partners: (1) making nutrition a national political priority is key to fostering multisectoral collaboration and improving nutrition outcomes; (2) nutrition champions are critical for political prioritization of nutrition; (3) multisectoral collaboration has helped reduce undernutrition in Ethiopia, due to expansion from nutrition-specific to nutrition-sensitive strategies; and (4) accountability structures are vital to effective coordination, monitoring, and evaluation in multisectoral nutrition governance.
Ethiopia has made significant progress toward multisectoral integration for nutrition. Despite contextual differences, lessons learned from Ethiopia may guide other countries aiming to reduce malnutrition.
埃塞俄比亚政府和发展伙伴通过多部门营养方案和最近宣布的《粮食和营养政策》在营养方面投入了大量资金。通过将营养作为政治优先事项，政府实现了多部门合作。
追溯埃塞俄比亚多部门营养政策的发展，并确定从实施中吸取的经验教训。
我们利用政府各部门、捐助者和非政府组织（非政府组织）的文献和利益攸关方访谈，通过以下 5 个方面分析埃塞俄比亚在多部门营养治理方面的进展：协调和结构问责制、政治承诺、供资、人力资源以及数据监测和透明度。
尽管取得了重大进展，但各部门之间以及部门内部的营养活动和成果的协调和结构问责制仍然是挑战。虽然政治意愿很强，但供资往往不足。埃塞俄比亚缺乏营养政策制定者和专家，但正在投资于教育以缩小这一差距。最后，各部委和合作伙伴更广泛地共享数据将使现有方案能够得到更好的反馈和改进。对于政策制定者和合作伙伴来说，有几个经验教训值得注意：（1）将营养作为国家政治优先事项是促进多部门合作和改善营养成果的关键；（2）营养倡导者对于营养的政治优先排序至关重要；（3）多部门合作有助于减少埃塞俄比亚的营养不良，因为从营养特定战略扩展到营养敏感战略；（4）问责制结构对于多部门营养治理中的有效协调、监测和评估至关重要。
埃塞俄比亚在营养方面的多部门整合方面取得了重大进展。尽管存在背景差异，但从埃塞俄比亚吸取的经验教训可能为其他旨在减少营养不良的国家提供指导。
