Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea.
Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea.
Recent Pat Nanotechnol. 2020;14(3):239-249. doi: 10.2174/1872210514666200313121953.
The ability to form biofilm and produce several virulence factors has caused numerous human pathogens to become tremendously resistant towards traditional antibiotic treatments, thus, new alternative strategies are urgently in demand. One of the strategies that have recently been developed involves the application of metallic Nanoparticles (NPs). Up to the present, promising results in terms of antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities have been observed in a wide range of metal NPs.
The present study has selected three metal oxides such as ZnO, SnO2 and CeO2 NPs to comparatively investigate their antibiofilm and antibacterial properties against two Gram-positive human pathogens, which are Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus.
The anti-biofilm activities of ZnO, SnO2 and CeO2 NPs against S. aureus and L. monocytogenes were assayed by crystal violet staining and confirmed by microscopic visualization using SEM. The synthesis of amyloid protein by S. aureus and exopolysaccharide by L. monocytogenes in the presence of ZnO, SnO2 and CeO2 NPs was evaluated by Congo red assay.
Results have shown that ZnO, SnO2 and CeO2 NPs effectively inhibited biofilm formation of both L. monocytogenes and S. aureus. The microscopic analysis also confirmed the antibiofilm activity of these NPs. It was also found that only ZnO NPs inhibited cell growth as well as the production of amyloid protein in S. aureus.
Overall, these results indicated that ZnO, SnO2 and CeO2 NPs can be considered as potential agents for treating the infections caused by L. monocytogenes and S. aureus, especially those associated with biofilm formation. Based on the present study, further studies are required to understand their mechanisms at both phenotypic and molecular levels, as well as their in vivo cytotoxicity, thereby enabling the applications of these metal oxide NPs in biomedical fields and food industry.
形成生物膜并产生多种毒力因子的能力使许多人类病原体对传统抗生素治疗产生了极强的耐药性，因此迫切需要新的替代策略。最近开发的策略之一涉及使用金属纳米粒子（NPs）。到目前为止，在广泛的金属 NPs 中观察到了在抗菌和抗生物膜活性方面有前景的结果。
本研究选择了三种金属氧化物，如 ZnO、SnO2 和 CeO2 NPs，以比较它们对两种革兰氏阳性人类病原体（李斯特菌和金黄色葡萄球菌）的抗生物膜和抗菌特性。
通过结晶紫染色法测定了 ZnO、SnO2 和 CeO2 NPs 对金黄色葡萄球菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌的抗生物膜活性，并通过 SEM 进行了微观可视化确认。通过刚果红测定评估了金黄色葡萄球菌中淀粉样蛋白的合成和单核细胞增生李斯特菌中胞外多糖的合成。
结果表明，ZnO、SnO2 和 CeO2 NPs 有效抑制了两种李斯特菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的生物膜形成。微观分析也证实了这些 NPs 的抗生物膜活性。还发现只有 ZnO NPs 抑制了金黄色葡萄球菌的细胞生长和淀粉样蛋白的产生。
总的来说，这些结果表明 ZnO、SnO2 和 CeO2 NPs 可以被认为是治疗由单核细胞增生李斯特菌和金黄色葡萄球菌引起的感染的潜在药物，特别是那些与生物膜形成相关的感染。基于本研究，需要进一步研究以了解它们在表型和分子水平上的机制，以及它们的体内细胞毒性，从而使这些金属氧化物 NPs 能够在生物医学领域和食品工业中得到应用。
