School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China.
Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, P.R. China.
PLoS One. 2020 Mar 13;15(3):e0230356. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230356. eCollection 2020.
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) is an ecologically and economically important species. Here, we assessed the diversity of 78 accessions cultivated in northern China using 8 agronomic characteristics, oil traits (including oil content and fatty acid composition) in seeds and fruit pulp, and SSR markers at 23 loci. The 78 accessions included 52 from ssp. mongolica, 6 from ssp. sinensis, and 20 hybrids. To assess the phenotypic diversity of these accessions, 8 agronomic fruit traits were recorded and analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). The first two PCs accounted for approximately 78% of the variation among accessions. The oil contents were higher in pulp (3.46-38.56%) than in seeds (3.88-8.82%), especially in ssp. mongolica accessions. The polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio was slightly lower in the seed oil of hybrids (76.06%) than that of in ssp. mongolica (77.66%) and higher than that of in ssp. sinensis (72.22%). The monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) ratio in the pulp oil of ssp. sinensis (57.00%) was highest, and that in ssp. mongolica (51.00%) was equal to the ratio in the hybrids (51.20%). Using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), we examined the correlation between agronomic traits and oil characteristics in pulp and seeds. Oil traits in pulp from different origins were correlated with morphological groupings (r = 0.8725, p = 0.0000). To assess the genotypic diversity, 23 SSR markers (including 17 loci previously reported) were used among the 78 accessions with 59 polymorphic amplified fragments obtained and an average PIC value of 0.2845. All accessions were classified into two groups based on the UPGMA method. The accessions of ssp. sinensis and ssp. mongolica were genetically distant. The hybrid accessions were close to ssp. mongolica accessions. The 8 agronomic traits, oil characteristics in seed and pulp oils, and 23 SSR markers successfully distinguished the 78 accessions. These results will be valuable for cultivar identification and genetic diversity analysis in cultivated sea buckthorn.
沙棘（Hippophae rhamnoides）是一种具有重要生态和经济价值的物种。在这里，我们评估了 78 份来自中国北方种植的品种的多样性，这些品种包括 52 份来自亚种 mongolica、6 份来自亚种 sinensis 和 20 份杂种。使用 8 个农艺性状、种子和果肉油的油特性（包括油含量和脂肪酸组成）以及 23 个位点的 SSR 标记，对 78 个品种进行了评估。为了评估这些品种的表型多样性，记录了 8 个农艺果实性状，并使用主成分分析（PCA）进行了分析。前两个 PC 占品种间变异的约 78%。果肉油的油含量高于种子（3.46-38.56%）（3.88-8.82%），尤其是亚种 mongolica 的品种。杂种种子油中的多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）比例（76.06%）略低于亚种 mongolica（77.66%），高于亚种 sinensis（72.22%）。亚种 sinensis 果肉油中的单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）比例（57.00%）最高，亚种 mongolica（51.00%）和杂种（51.20%）的比例相等。通过典范对应分析（CCA），我们研究了不同来源果肉和种子油的农艺性状与油特性之间的相关性。不同来源的果肉油特性与形态分组相关（r = 0.8725，p = 0.0000）。为了评估基因型多样性，在 78 个品种中使用了 23 个 SSR 标记（包括之前报道的 17 个位点），获得了 59 个多态扩增片段，平均 PIC 值为 0.2845。根据 UPGMA 方法，所有品种分为两组。亚种 sinensis 和亚种 mongolica 的品种遗传距离较远。杂种品种与亚种 mongolica 的品种接近。8 个农艺性状、种子和果肉油的油特性以及 23 个 SSR 标记成功地区分了 78 个品种。这些结果对于栽培沙棘品种的鉴定和遗传多样性分析将具有重要价值。
