Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Nutrients. 2020 Mar 11;12(3):734. doi: 10.3390/nu12030734.
The current climate changes have increased the prevalence and intensity of heat stress (HS) conditions. One of the initial consequences of HS is the impairment of the intestinal epithelial barrier integrity due to hyperthermia and hypoxia following blood repartition, which often results in a leaky gut followed by penetration and transfer of luminal antigens, endotoxins, and pathogenic bacteria. Under extreme conditions, HS may culminate in the onset of "heat stroke", a potential lethal condition if remaining untreated. HS-induced alterations of the gastrointestinal epithelium, which is associated with a leaky gut, are due to cellular oxidative stress, disruption of intestinal integrity, and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review summarizes the possible resilience mechanisms based on in vitro and in vivo data and the potential interventions with a group of nutritional supplements, which may increase the resilience to HS-induced intestinal integrity disruption and maintain intestinal homeostasis.
当前的气候变化增加了热应激（HS）条件的流行和强度。HS 的最初后果之一是由于血液再分配后的过热和缺氧，肠道上皮屏障完整性受损，这通常导致肠道通透性增加，随后腔内抗原、内毒素和致病菌穿透和转移。在极端条件下，HS 可能最终导致“中暑”的发生，如果不进行治疗，这是一种潜在的致命情况。HS 引起的胃肠道上皮改变与肠道通透性增加有关，这是由于细胞氧化应激、肠道完整性破坏和促炎细胞因子产生增加所致。本综述总结了基于体外和体内数据的可能的弹性机制，以及一组营养补充剂的潜在干预措施，这些措施可能增加对 HS 引起的肠道完整性破坏的弹性并维持肠道内稳态。
