Vivekanandhan P, Bedini S, Shivakumar M S
Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Parasitol Int. 2020 Jun;76:102099. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102099. Epub 2020 Mar 10.
The repeated usage of chemical insecticides, responsible for insecticide resistance in mosquitoes and environmental toxicity. Currently effective and environmental-safe control strategies are needed for the control disease-vector mosquitoes. Entomopathogens can be an effective alternative to chemical insecticide. Herein we isolated and tested 46 soil-borne entomopathogenic fungi belonging to six genera, namely Beauveria sp., Metarhizium sp., Fusarium sp., Aspergillus sp., Trichoderma sp., and Verticillium sp., fungi conidia were tested on Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. Bioassays results show that M. anisopliae fungal isolate causes a 100%, 98.6% and 92% mortality within six days, on Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus, respectively. M. anisopliae treated three mosquito larvae have lower lifetime with LT values in A. stephensi, 2.931 days; A. aegypti, 2.676 days and C. quinquefasciatus, 3.254 days. 18 s rDNA sequence analysis confirmed that the isolated fungus are belonging to the genus of M. anisopliae-VKKH3, B. bassiana-VKBb03, and V. lecanii-VKPH1. Our results clearly show that M. anisopliae has good potential, as a low-cost, environmentally safe tool for the control of A. aegypti, A. stephensi, and C. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes.
化学杀虫剂的反复使用导致了蚊子的抗药性和环境毒性。目前需要有效且环境安全的控制策略来控制病媒蚊子。昆虫病原体可以成为化学杀虫剂的有效替代品。在此，我们分离并测试了46种属于六个属的土壤传播昆虫病原真菌，即白僵菌属、绿僵菌属、镰刀菌属、曲霉属、木霉属和轮枝菌属，这些真菌的分生孢子在埃及伊蚊、斯氏按蚊和致倦库蚊幼虫上进行了测试。生物测定结果表明，绿僵菌分离株在六天内分别导致埃及伊蚊、斯氏按蚊和致倦库蚊的死亡率为100%、98.6%和92%。经绿僵菌处理的三种蚊子幼虫的寿命较短，斯氏按蚊的LT值为2.931天；埃及伊蚊为2.676天，致倦库蚊为3.254天。18 s rDNA序列分析证实，分离出的真菌分别属于绿僵菌属-VKKH3、球孢白僵菌-VKBb03和蜡蚧轮枝菌-VKPH1。我们的结果清楚地表明，绿僵菌作为一种低成本、环境安全的工具，在控制埃及伊蚊、斯氏按蚊和致倦库蚊方面具有良好的潜力。
