Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
Department of Medical Education, Swansea University School of Medicine, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom.
J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol. 2020 Mar 3;27(1):e76-e103. doi: 10.15586/jptcp.v27i1.666.
The provision of healthy and safe food is vital for human health, and the addition of unnecessary sugars in foodstuffs is an important global issue, leading to multiple long- and short-term health issues and spiraling costs for individuals and governments alike. The negative effect of excess sugar consumption contributes to adverse health conditions, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and poor oral health in both high and low resource settings. A key plank of governmental and health promotion bodies' nutritional guidance is to raise public awareness of "hidden" sugars, salt, and fats, such as found in processed foods and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), and guide individuals to reduce their consumption. This rapid narrative review brings together some of the key issues identified in the literature around the consumption of SSBs, including patterns of consumption, the general impact on human health and nutrition, specific effects on oral health and the oral microbiome, and strategies to address over-consumption. The range of long-term adverse effects on health is often misunderstood or unknown by the public. However, some strategies have succeeded in reducing the consumption of SSBs, including public health strategies and interventions and the imposition of taxes or levies, and this article makes recommendations for action.
提供健康和安全的食物对人类健康至关重要，而在食物中添加不必要的糖是一个重要的全球性问题，导致个人和政府都面临多种长期和短期的健康问题和不断上升的成本。过量摄入糖的负面影响导致了不良的健康状况，包括肥胖、2 型糖尿病和高低资源环境中的口腔健康不佳。政府和促进健康机构营养指导的一个重要内容是提高公众对“隐藏”糖、盐和脂肪的认识，如在加工食品和加糖饮料（SSB）中发现的糖、盐和脂肪，并指导个人减少其摄入量。这篇快速叙述性综述汇集了一些关于 SSB 消费的文献中确定的关键问题，包括消费模式、对人类健康和营养的一般影响、对口腔健康和口腔微生物组的具体影响，以及解决过度消费的策略。公众往往对长期对健康的不良影响认识不足或不了解。然而，一些策略已经成功地减少了 SSB 的消费，包括公共卫生策略和干预措施以及征收税款或费用，本文提出了行动建议。
