Center for Non-Communicable Diseases Research and Training, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Biomedical Research Unit, Asociacion Benefica PRISMA, Carlos Gonzales 251, San Miguel, Lima, Peru.
BMC Pulm Med. 2020 Mar 14;20(1):63. doi: 10.1186/s12890-020-1087-0.
Asthma is one of the conditions that contributes to the global burden of respiratory diseases and has been previously associated with diet intake. The goal of this study was to determine the relationship between diet, assessed by a developed score, and asthma in Peruvian children.
This study was a cross sectional analysis nested within an unmatched case-control study of children in two peri-urban communities of Lima, Peru. We evaluated 767 children and adolescents (573 with asthma, 194 controls) between 9 and 19 years. Diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), with food groups classified as "healthy" or "unhealthy". Asthma control, Lung function and atopy were assessed by Asthma Control Test, Spirometry and InmunoCAP 250 test, respectively.
Mean age of participants was 13.8 years (SD 2.6). Mean diet score was 5 (SD 1.23; range 2-8). Healthy Diet Score was associated with asthma status [OR 0.83, 95% CI (0.72, 0.95), p = 0.009] in adjusted analysis. Thus, participants with higher HDS, had lower odds of asthma. In sensitivity analyses, when adjusting for atopy, results did not change significantly. [OR 0.85, 95% CI (0.72, 0.99); p = 0.04]. No association between the HDS and asthma control, FEV1, nor FeNO were observed. Atopy did not modify the association between diet and asthma outcomes.
In our study cohort, better diet quality was associated with lower odds of asthma, but was not associated with asthma control. Diet modification may be a potential intervention to impact the increasing prevalence of this disease.
哮喘是导致全球呼吸系统疾病负担的因素之一，并且以前与饮食摄入有关。本研究的目的是确定由开发的评分评估的饮食与秘鲁儿童哮喘之间的关系。
这是一项在秘鲁利马两个城市郊区社区进行的儿童病例对照研究中嵌套的横断面分析。我们评估了 767 名 9 至 19 岁的儿童和青少年（573 名哮喘患者，194 名对照者）。使用食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估饮食，将食物组分类为“健康”或“不健康”。哮喘控制、肺功能和过敏症分别通过哮喘控制测试、肺活量测定法和 InmunoCAP 250 测试进行评估。
参与者的平均年龄为 13.8 岁（SD 2.6）。平均饮食评分 5 分（SD 1.23；范围 2-8）。在调整分析中，健康饮食评分与哮喘状态相关[比值比（OR）0.83，95%置信区间（CI）（0.72，0.95），p=0.009]。因此，HDS 较高的参与者患哮喘的可能性较低。在敏感性分析中，当调整过敏症时，结果没有显著变化[OR 0.85，95%CI（0.72，0.99）；p=0.04]。HDS 与哮喘控制、FEV1 或 FeNO 之间均无相关性。过敏症不能改变饮食与哮喘结局之间的关系。
在我们的研究队列中，更好的饮食质量与较低的哮喘几率相关，但与哮喘控制无关。饮食改变可能是影响这种疾病不断增加的患病率的潜在干预措施。
