Martínez-Fernández A, Rueda Vega M, Quintas S, de Toledo Heras M, Díaz de Terán J, Latorre González G, Trabajos García O, Vivancos Mora J, Gago-Veiga A B
Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
Headache Unit, Department of Neurology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Calle Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
Neurol Sci. 2020 Aug;41(8):2207-2213. doi: 10.1007/s10072-020-04332-6. Epub 2020 Mar 14.
Stigma manifests both in prejudices and rejection from society towards patients who suffer from a specific pathology, and by patient's internalization of this discrimination, with the consequent repercussions on their state of mind and quality of life. The aim of the study was to quantify the stigma associated with migraine and analyze whether it is related to the clinical-demographic characteristics of the patients, as well as the possible impact on their daily lives.
The stigma scale for chronic illness (SSCI) and other questionnaires were administered to 56 patients with episodic migraine (EM), 18 with chronic migraine (CM), and 21 with epilepsy, as a control group.
The mean SSCI score was higher (51.6 ± 15.0) in the CM group than in the EM (45.0 ± 13.5) and epilepsy (47.6 ± 15.5) groups, without reaching statistical significance. In addition, the score was higher in patients who were unemployed, divorced, and in those who had migraine with aura. A statistically significant correlation was found between the SSCI score and the impact of migraine on daily life, the presence of stress, anxiety and depression, and low self-esteem.
There is a stigma around migraine in our society, which seems to be more prevalent in patients with certain socio-demographic characteristics, and that is related to stress, mood alterations, and low self-esteem. Trying to reduce stigma could contribute to improve the control of migraine and reduce the impact of the disease at a socio-economic level.
耻辱感既表现为社会对患有特定疾病患者的偏见和排斥，也表现为患者对这种歧视的内化，进而对其心理状态和生活质量产生影响。本研究的目的是量化与偏头痛相关的耻辱感，并分析其是否与患者的临床人口统计学特征有关，以及对他们日常生活可能产生的影响。
对56例发作性偏头痛（EM）患者、18例慢性偏头痛（CM）患者和21例癫痫患者（作为对照组）进行慢性病耻辱感量表（SSCI）及其他问卷调查。
CM组的平均SSCI得分（51.6±15.0）高于EM组（45.0±13.5）和癫痫组（47.6±15.5），但未达到统计学显著性。此外，失业、离异患者以及有先兆偏头痛患者的得分更高。SSCI得分与偏头痛对日常生活的影响、压力、焦虑和抑郁的存在以及低自尊之间存在统计学显著相关性。
在我们的社会中，偏头痛存在耻辱感，在具有某些社会人口统计学特征的患者中似乎更为普遍，且与压力、情绪改变和低自尊有关。努力减少耻辱感可能有助于改善偏头痛的控制，并在社会经济层面降低该疾病的影响。
