Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892-1666, USA.
Clinical Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Nutrients. 2020 Mar 12;12(3):749. doi: 10.3390/nu12030749.
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have both shared and different cardiovascular effects, and commonly used fish oil supplements have considerably varied EPA/DHA ratios.
We compared the effects of fish oil supplements with different EPA/DHA ratios on lipoprotein metabolism.
In a double-blind, randomized cross-over study, normolipidemic adults (n = 30) consumed 12 g/day of EPA-rich (EPA/DHA: 2.3) or DHA-rich (EPA/DHA: 0.3) fish oil for 8-weeks, separated by an 8-week washout period.
Both fish oil supplements similarly lowered plasma TG levels and TG-related NMR parameters versus baseline ( < 0.05). There were no changes in plasma cholesterol-related parameters due to either fish oil, although on-treatment levels for LDL particle number were slightly higher for DHA-rich oil compared with EPA-rich oil ( < 0.05). Both fish oil supplements similarly altered HDL subclass profile and proteome, and down regulated HDL proteins related to inflammation, with EPA-rich oil to a greater extent. Furthermore, EPA-rich oil increased apoM abundance versus DHA-rich oil ( < 0.05).
Overall, fish oil supplements with varied EPA/DHA ratios had similar effects on total lipids/lipoproteins, but differences were observed in lipoprotein subfraction composition and distribution, which could impact on the use of EPA versus DHA for improving cardiovascular health.
二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）具有共同和不同的心血管作用，常用的鱼油补充剂具有明显不同的 EPA/DHA 比例。
我们比较了具有不同 EPA/DHA 比例的鱼油补充剂对脂蛋白代谢的影响。
在一项双盲、随机交叉研究中，正常血脂成年人（n=30）每天摄入 12 克富含 EPA（EPA/DHA：2.3）或富含 DHA（EPA/DHA：0.3）的鱼油，持续 8 周，间隔 8 周洗脱期。
两种鱼油补充剂均能降低血浆 TG 水平和 TG 相关 NMR 参数，与基线相比（<0.05）。两种鱼油均未改变血浆胆固醇相关参数，但与富含 EPA 的鱼油相比，富含 DHA 的鱼油治疗后 LDL 颗粒数略高（<0.05）。两种鱼油补充剂均能相似地改变 HDL 亚类谱和蛋白质组，并下调与炎症相关的 HDL 蛋白，富含 EPA 的鱼油作用更明显。此外，与富含 DHA 的鱼油相比，富含 EPA 的鱼油增加了 apoM 的丰度（<0.05）。
总的来说，具有不同 EPA/DHA 比例的鱼油补充剂对总脂质/脂蛋白有相似的影响，但在脂蛋白亚组分组成和分布上存在差异，这可能会影响使用 EPA 与 DHA 来改善心血管健康。
