Chang Xiaoli, Yan Li, Naeem Muhammd, Khaskheli Muhammad Ibrahim, Zhang Hao, Gong Guoshu, Zhang Min, Song Chun, Yang Wenyu, Liu Taiguo, Chen Wanquan
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
College of Agronomy & Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping system, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China.
Pathogens. 2020 Mar 13;9(3):211. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9030211.
species are the most detrimental pathogens of soybean root rot worldwide, causing large loss in soybean production. Maize/soybean relay strip intercropping has significant advantages on the increase of crop yields and efficient use of agricultural resources, but its effects on the occurrence and pathogen population of soybean root rot are rarely known. In this study, root rot was investigated in the fields of the continuous maize/soybean strip relay intercropping and soybean monoculture. species were isolated from diseased soybean roots and identified based on sequence analysis of translation elongation factor 1 (1 and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), and the diversity and pathogenicity of these species were also analyzed. Our results showed that intercropping significantly decreased soybean root rot over monoculture. A more diverse Fusarium population including species complex (FSSC), species complex (FIESC), , , , and was identified from intercropping while FSSC, FIESC, , , and were found from monoculture. All species caused soybean root infection but exhibited distinct aggressiveness. The most aggressive . was more frequently isolated in monoculture than intercropping. FSSC and FIESC were the dominant species complex and differed in their aggressiveness. Additionally, , were specifically identified from intercropping with weak or middle aggressiveness. Except for , and were firstly reported to cause soybean root rot in China. This study indicates maize/soybean relay strip intercropping can reduce soybean root rot, change the diversity and aggressiveness of species, which provides an important reference for effective management of this disease.
镰刀菌属物种是全球范围内大豆根腐病最具危害性的病原菌，给大豆生产造成巨大损失。玉米/大豆带状套作在提高作物产量和高效利用农业资源方面具有显著优势，但其对大豆根腐病发生情况及病原菌种群的影响却鲜为人知。本研究在连续玉米/大豆带状套作田和大豆单作田中对根腐病进行了调查。从患病大豆根部分离出镰刀菌属物种，并基于翻译延伸因子1（TEF1）和RNA聚合酶II第二大亚基（RPB2）的序列分析进行鉴定，同时分析了这些物种的多样性和致病性。我们的结果表明，与单作相比，套作显著降低了大豆根腐病的发病率。从套作田中鉴定出了更具多样性的镰刀菌种群，包括尖孢镰刀菌复合种（FSSC）、层出镰刀菌复合种（FIESC）、茄病镰刀菌、禾谷镰刀菌、半裸镰刀菌、燕麦镰刀菌和串珠镰刀菌，而在单作田中发现的是FSSC、FIESC、茄病镰刀菌、禾谷镰刀菌、半裸镰刀菌和燕麦镰刀菌。所有镰刀菌属物种均能引起大豆根部感染，但致病性各不相同。致病性最强的尖孢镰刀菌在单作田中比套作田中更频繁地被分离到。FSSC和FIESC是优势复合种，且致病性有所不同。此外，燕麦镰刀菌、串珠镰刀菌是在套作田中被特异性鉴定出的致病性较弱或中等的物种。除茄病镰刀菌外，燕麦镰刀菌和串珠镰刀菌首次在中国被报道可引起大豆根腐病。本研究表明玉米/大豆带状套作可减轻大豆根腐病，改变镰刀菌属物种的多样性和致病性，为该病的有效防治提供了重要参考。
