Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
Division of Anti-Oxidant Research, Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Mar 13;21(6):1974. doi: 10.3390/ijms21061974.
Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) from its prodromal stage of mild cognitive impairment. There is an interplay between oxidative stress and the amyloid β (Aβ) cascade via various mechanisms including mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, glycoxidation, deoxyribonucleotide acid damage, altered antioxidant defense, impaired amyloid clearance, inflammation and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Based on findings that indicate that oxidative stress plays a major role in AD, oxidative stress has been considered as a therapeutic target of AD. In spite of favorable preclinical study outcomes, previous antioxidative components, including a single antioxidative supplement such as vitamin C, vitamin E or their mixtures, did not clearly show any therapeutic effect on cognitive decline in AD. However, novel antioxidative supplements can be beneficial for AD patients. In this review, we summarize the interplay between oxidative stress and the Aβ cascade, and introduce novel antioxidative supplements expected to prevent cognitive decline in AD.
氧化应激在阿尔茨海默病（AD）的前驱期轻度认知障碍中起着至关重要的作用。氧化应激与淀粉样β（Aβ）级联之间通过多种机制相互作用，包括线粒体功能障碍、脂质过氧化、蛋白质氧化、糖基化、脱氧核糖核苷酸损伤、抗氧化防御改变、淀粉样清除受损、炎症和慢性脑灌注不足。基于氧化应激在 AD 中起主要作用的发现，氧化应激已被视为 AD 的治疗靶点。尽管有有利的临床前研究结果，但以前的抗氧化成分，包括单一的抗氧化补充剂，如维生素 C、维生素 E 或它们的混合物，并没有在 AD 认知能力下降方面显示出明显的治疗效果。然而，新型抗氧化补充剂可能对 AD 患者有益。在这篇综述中，我们总结了氧化应激与 Aβ级联之间的相互作用，并介绍了有望预防 AD 认知能力下降的新型抗氧化补充剂。
