ADHD 儿童的触觉辨别力、动作技能和认知冲动：一项横断面研究。
Tactile Discrimination, Praxis and Cognitive Impulsivity in ADHD Children: A Cross-Sectional Study.
机构信息
Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Occupational Therapy Division, Avda de la Ilustración n 60, 18016 Granada, Spain.
School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland EH21 6UU, UK.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 14;17(6):1897. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17061897.
BACKGROUND
The study of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has traditionally focused on deficit of inhibitory control and cognitive impulsivity. However, the pathophysiology of ADHD has also been associated with the somatosensory cortex. The aim of this study was to explore if there were differences in tactile discrimination and praxis between neurotypical and ADHD children and whether these differences could be explained by cognitive impulsivity.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample comprised 74 children aged 7 to 11 years divided in two groups: 43 with neurotypical development, 31 with ADHD. To assess tactile discrimination, the finger localization and the graphestesia tests were used. Praxis was assessed with the Kaufman Assesment Battery for Children (K-ABC) hand movement subtest, the action program and the Zoo Map subtests of the Behavioral Assessment of Dysexecutive Syndrome, and the complex figure of Rey-Osterrieth test (ROCF). Cognitive impulsivity was assessed using the Magallanes Computerized Impulsivity Scale test (EMIC).
RESULTS
Children with ADHD showed greater cognitive impulsivity ( = 0.038) and scored lower in Zoo Map ( = 0.023) and hand-movement subtests ( = 0.002), and in ROCF test ( = 0.004). Differences in praxis skills still remained after controlling by gender and cognitive impulsivity.
CONCLUSION
Praxis deficit might have repercussions not only on the characterization of ADHD but also on its treatment.
背景
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的研究传统上集中于抑制控制和认知冲动的缺陷。然而，ADHD 的病理生理学也与躯体感觉皮层有关。本研究旨在探讨神经典型儿童和 ADHD 儿童之间在触觉辨别和动作技能方面是否存在差异，以及这些差异是否可以用认知冲动来解释。
方法
进行了一项横断面研究。样本包括 74 名 7 至 11 岁的儿童，分为两组：43 名神经典型发育，31 名 ADHD。为了评估触觉辨别力，使用了手指定位和格拉斯特hesia 测试。动作技能评估采用 Kaufman 儿童评估电池（K-ABC）手部运动子测试、行为执行障碍评估的动作程序和动物园地图子测试，以及 Rey-Osterrieth 测试（ROCF）的复杂图形。使用 Magallanes 计算机冲动量表测试（EMIC）评估认知冲动。
结果
ADHD 儿童表现出更高的认知冲动性（ = 0.038），在动物园地图（ = 0.023）和手部运动子测试（ = 0.002）以及 ROCF 测试（ = 0.004）中的得分较低。在控制性别和认知冲动后，动作技能的差异仍然存在。
结论
动作技能缺陷不仅对 ADHD 的特征有影响，而且对其治疗也有影响。
Zotero 插件