Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Health Education and Promotion, Reus, 43201, Spain.
Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, EURECAT-Technology Centre of Catalonia, Reus 43204, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 14;17(6):1901. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17061901.
To determine the effectiveness of workplace interventions and the most effective methodological design for the improvement of employee productivity, work ability, and absenteeism. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of workplace interventions was conducted (PROSPERO, CRD42018094083). The PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Cochrane databases were searched. RCTs from 2000 to 2017 and with employees (18-65 years) were selected. Then, intervention characteristics and work-related outcomes data were extracted. A total of 47 RCTs were included in the systematic review, and 19 RCTs (11 absenteeism, 7 productivity, and 5 work ability) were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that the effectiveness of workplace interventions for absenteeism was -1.56 (95% CI, -2.67 to -0.44) and -2.65 (95% CI, -4.49 to -0.81) considering only moderate quality RCTs. In contrast, only a few studies of workplace interventions for productivity and work ability were included, which was insufficient for determining the effectiveness and best design for improving these work outcomes. The workplace is an interesting environment to reduce absenteeism, and individualized and counseling interventions with <10 sessions/total were the most effective workplace intervention methodological design for reducing the absenteeism of employees. Future high-quality RCTs that also consider health risks should be implemented to strengthen the results.
为了确定工作场所干预措施的有效性以及提高员工生产力、工作能力和缺勤率的最有效方法设计，对工作场所干预措施的随机对照试验（RCT）进行了荟萃分析（PROSPERO，CRD42018094083）。对 PubMed、Scopus、PsycINFO 和 Cochrane 数据库进行了检索。选择了 2000 年至 2017 年的 RCT，并纳入了员工（18-65 岁）。然后，提取了干预措施特征和与工作相关的结果数据。系统评价共纳入 47 项 RCT，荟萃分析纳入 19 项 RCT（11 项缺勤率、7 项生产力和 5 项工作能力）。荟萃分析表明，仅考虑中等质量 RCT 时，工作场所干预措施对缺勤率的有效性为-1.56（95%CI，-2.67 至-0.44）和-2.65（95%CI，-4.49 至-0.81）。相比之下，仅纳入了少量关于生产力和工作能力的工作场所干预措施的研究，不足以确定这些工作结果的有效性和最佳设计。工作场所是减少缺勤率的有趣环境，具有<10 次/总治疗次数的个体化和咨询干预措施是减少员工缺勤率的最有效工作场所干预措施方法设计。应实施未来高质量的 RCT，同时考虑健康风险，以加强研究结果。
