Dono Gabriella, Rambla Jose Luis, Frusciante Sarah, Granell Antonio, Diretto Gianfranco, Mazzucato Andrea
DAFNE Dept. of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via S.C. de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
IBMCP Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (CSIC-UPV), Carrer de l'Enginyer Fausto Elio, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Metabolites. 2020 Mar 15;10(3):110. doi: 10.3390/metabo10030110.
San Marzano (SM) is a traditional Italian landrace characterized by red elongated fruits, originating in the province of Naples (Italy) and cultivated worldwide. Three mutations, (), () and () were introduced into SM by backcross and the resulting introgression lines (ILs) produced the expected yellow, brown and pink fruit variants. In addition, ILs carrying double combinations of those mutations were obtained. The six ILs plus the SM reference were analyzed for volatile (VOC), non-polar (NP) and polar (P) metabolites. Sixty-eight VOCs were identified, and several differences evidenced in the ILs; overall showed epistasis over and and over . Analysis of the NP component identified 54 metabolites; variation in early carotenoids (up to lycopene) and chlorophylls characterized respectively the ILs containing and . In addition, compounds belonging to the quinone and xanthophyll classes were present in genotypes carrying the mutation at levels higher than SM. Finally, the analysis of 129 P metabolites evidenced different levels of vitamins, amino acids, lipids and phenylpropanoids in the ILs. A correlation network approach was used to investigate metabolite-metabolite relationships in the mutant lines. Altogether these differences potentially modified the hedonistic and nutritional value of the berry. In summary, single and combined mutations in , and generated interesting visual and compositional diversity in the SM landrace, while maintaining its original typology.
圣马扎诺（SM）是一种传统的意大利地方品种，其特点是果实呈红色且细长，原产于意大利那不勒斯省，在全球范围内种植。通过回交将三个突变（）、（）和（）引入SM，由此产生的渐渗系（ILs）产生了预期的黄色、棕色和粉色果实变体。此外，还获得了携带这些突变双重组合的ILs。对这六个ILs加上SM对照进行了挥发性（VOC）、非极性（NP）和极性（P）代谢物分析。鉴定出68种VOCs，在ILs中发现了一些差异；总体而言，在和上表现出上位性，在和上也表现出上位性。NP成分分析鉴定出54种代谢物；早期类胡萝卜素（直至番茄红素）和叶绿素的变化分别表征了含有和的ILs。此外，携带突变的基因型中醌类和叶黄素类化合物的含量高于SM。最后，对129种P代谢物的分析表明，ILs中维生素、氨基酸、脂质和苯丙烷类化合物的水平不同。采用相关网络方法研究突变系中代谢物 - 代谢物之间的关系。总之，这些差异可能改变了浆果的享乐价值和营养价值。综上所述，、和中的单突变和组合突变在SM地方品种中产生了有趣的视觉和成分多样性，同时保持了其原始类型。
