Lee Chung Gun, Moon Hyoyoul, Park Seiyeong
Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Ann Hum Biol. 2020 May;47(3):256-262. doi: 10.1080/03014460.2020.1736629. Epub 2020 Mar 18.
Although previous studies suggest that dopamine receptor genes partially affect physical activity-related behaviours, all of these studies were cross-sectional studies that examined the effects of dopamine receptor genes on physical activity-related behaviours at some point in time. Therefore, the nature and extent of this relationship across the lifespan are even more uncertain. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of dopamine receptor genes (i.e. DRD2, DRD4 and DRD5) on sport participation trajectories from adolescence to young adulthood. This study used the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health data (wave 1-4). Group-based trajectory modelling was used to investigate the effect of dopamine receptor genes on the probability of being in each sport participation trajectory group. A three-group model was the best fitting model for men whereas a two-group model was the best fitting model for women. The more participants possess the A1 allele of the DRD2, the less likely they are to be in the "high-decreasing group" rather than the "low-stable group" in both men and women. In male participants, the more participants carry the A1 allele of the DRD2, the more likely they are to be in the "high-stable group" rather than the "high-decreasing group" (coefficient = 0.206, <.05). These results can contribute to the literature by providing important information on the effects of dopamine receptor genes on sport participation trajectories from adolescence through young adulthood.
尽管先前的研究表明多巴胺受体基因部分影响与体育活动相关的行为，但所有这些研究都是横断面研究，在某个时间点考察多巴胺受体基因对与体育活动相关行为的影响。因此，这种关系在整个生命周期中的性质和程度更加不确定。本研究的目的是考察多巴胺受体基因（即DRD2、DRD4和DRD5）对从青春期到青年期运动参与轨迹的影响。本研究使用了青少年健康全国纵向研究数据（第1 - 4波）。基于组的轨迹模型用于研究多巴胺受体基因对处于每个运动参与轨迹组概率的影响。三组模型对男性是最佳拟合模型，而两组模型对女性是最佳拟合模型。无论男性还是女性，携带DRD2的A1等位基因的参与者越多，他们处于“高下降组”而非“低稳定组”的可能性就越小。在男性参与者中，携带DRD2的A1等位基因的参与者越多，他们处于“高稳定组”而非“高下降组”的可能性就越大（系数 = 0.206，<.05）。这些结果通过提供关于多巴胺受体基因对从青春期到青年期运动参与轨迹影响的重要信息，可为相关文献做出贡献。
