Lee Chung Gun, Park Seiyeong, Yoo Seunghyun
Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
J Sport Health Sci. 2018 Jan;7(1):70-76. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2016.12.004. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
One efficient way to increase physical activity is through sport participation because participation in sport activities inherently includes many enjoyable aspects, such as social interaction, competition, personal challenge, and goal achievement. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the longitudinal effect of parental support during adolescence on the trajectory of sport participation from adolescence through young adulthood.
The data used in this study came from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). It is a 4-wave longitudinal study that followed up a nationally representative sample of middle and high school students in the US. A series of multilevel logistic regression models were used to examine the effect of parental support at Wave 1 on the trajectory of sport participation from Wave 1 to Wave 4.
The effect of parental support during adolescence on participants' sport participation lasted until they become young adults (Wave 3) ( <0.001). Among the male participants, parental support at Wave 1 was a significant predictor for sport participation at Waves 1, 2, and 3 ( < 0.001). However, a significant effect of parental support at Wave 1 on sport participation in early young adulthood (Wave 3) becomes insignificant when adjusting for self-esteem and depression. Among the female participants, parental support at Wave 1 was a significant predictor for sport participation at Waves 1, 2, and 3 ( < 0.01) even after depression and self-esteem were introduced into the model. That is to say, unlike male participants, parental support during adolescence has an independent effect on sport participation from adolescence (Wave 1) through early young adulthood (Wave 3) over and above the effects of depression and self-esteem in female participants.
The results of this study contributed to the literature by providing important information on the longitudinal effect of parental support during adolescence on the trajectory of sport participation from adolescence through young adulthood using a nationally representative sample of participants transitioning from adolescence to young adulthood.
增加体育活动的一种有效方法是通过参与体育运动，因为参与体育活动本身包含许多令人愉快的方面，如社交互动、竞争、个人挑战和目标实现。本研究的主要目的是调查青少年时期父母支持对从青少年期到青年期体育参与轨迹的纵向影响。
本研究使用的数据来自美国青少年健康全国纵向研究（Add Health）。这是一项四波纵向研究，对美国具有全国代表性的中学生和高中生样本进行了跟踪调查。使用一系列多水平逻辑回归模型来检验第一波时父母支持对从第一波到第四波体育参与轨迹的影响。
青少年时期父母支持对参与者体育参与的影响一直持续到他们成为青年（第三波）（<0.001）。在男性参与者中，第一波时的父母支持是第一波、第二波和第三波体育参与的显著预测因素（<0.001）。然而，在调整自尊和抑郁因素后，第一波时父母支持对青年早期（第三波）体育参与的显著影响变得不显著。在女性参与者中，即使将抑郁和自尊因素纳入模型，第一波时的父母支持仍是第一波、第二波和第三波体育参与的显著预测因素（<0.01）。也就是说，与男性参与者不同，青少年时期父母支持对女性参与者从青少年期（第一波）到青年早期（第三波）的体育参与具有独立于抑郁和自尊影响的作用。
本研究结果通过使用从青少年过渡到青年期的具有全国代表性的参与者样本，为青少年时期父母支持对从青少年期到青年期体育参与轨迹的纵向影响提供了重要信息，从而丰富了相关文献。
