Faculty of Physical Education, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland.
Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 19;19(9):4942. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19094942.
Dopamine receptor D2 gene () polymorphisms have been associated with cognitive abilities, obesity, addictions, and physical-activity-related behaviors, which may underlie differences in the effectiveness of training programs. What is not yet clear is the impact of polymorphisms on the effectiveness of exercise programs. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between the polymorphic sites (rs1076560, rs12364283, rs1799732, rs1800497, and rs1800498) and the body's response to regular physical activity. We studied genotypes and haplotypes distribution in a group of 165 females measured for body mass and body composition measurements, lipid profile, and glucose levels before and after realization of a 12-week training program. When tested individually, statistical analyses revealed one significant genotype by training interaction under the general model (for the basal metabolic rate, BMR, = 0.033). Carriers of the rs1076560 CC genotype exhibited a decrease in BMR in response to training ( = 0.006). Haplotype analyses also showed that (i) the CACCC and CACTT haplotypes were associated with a post-training decrease in glucose level (β = -4.11, = 0.032; β = -6.86, = 0.020, respectively); (ii) the CGCCT with an increase in BMR (β = 0.65, = 0.003) and fat free mass (FFM, β = 1.20, = 0.009); (iii) the CA-CT with a decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL, β = -17.26, = 0.046). These results provide some evidence that the polymorphisms may play a role in post-training changes in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and, as a consequence, in the effectiveness of training programs.
多巴胺受体 D2 基因 () 多态性与认知能力、肥胖、成瘾和与身体活动相关的行为有关，这些可能是训练计划效果差异的基础。目前尚不清楚多态性对运动计划效果的影响。因此，本研究旨在探讨 多态性位点 (rs1076560、rs12364283、rs1799732、rs1800497 和 rs1800498) 与身体对常规体育活动的反应之间的关系。我们研究了一组 165 名女性的基因型和单倍型分布情况，这些女性在进行为期 12 周的训练计划前后测量了体重和身体成分、血脂谱和血糖水平。在一般模型下，经个体测试，统计分析显示有一个显著的基因型与训练的交互作用（对于基础代谢率，BMR， = 0.033）。rs1076560 CC 基因型携带者在训练后 BMR 下降（ = 0.006）。单倍型分析还显示，（i）CACCC 和 CACTT 单倍型与训练后血糖水平下降有关（β = -4.11， = 0.032；β = -6.86， = 0.020）；（ii）CGCCT 与 BMR 升高有关（β = 0.65， = 0.003）和去脂体重（FFM，β = 1.20， = 0.009）；（iii）CA-CT 与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL，β = -17.26， = 0.046）降低有关。这些结果提供了一些证据表明， 多态性可能在训练后脂质和碳水化合物代谢的变化中起作用，进而影响训练计划的效果。
