Department of Family Medicine, CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Research Centre for Autonomy and Participation of Persons with a Chronic Illness, Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 550, 6400 AN, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2020 Mar 17;20(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s12911-020-1067-6.
During the process of decision-making for long-term care, clients are often dependent on informal support and available information about quality ratings of care services. However, clients do not take ratings into account when considering preferred care, and need assistance to understand their preferences. A tool to elicit preferences for long-term care could be beneficial. Therefore, the aim of this qualitative descriptive study is to understand the user requirements and develop a web-based preference elicitation tool for clients in need of long-term care.
We applied a user-centred design in which end-users influence the development of the tool. The included end-users were clients, relatives, and healthcare professionals. Data collection took place between November 2017 and March 2018 by means of meetings with the development team consisting of four users, walkthrough interviews with 21 individual users, video-audio recordings, field notes, and observations during the use of the tool. Data were collected during three phases of iteration: Look and feel, Navigation, and Content. A deductive and inductive content analysis approach was used for data analysis.
The layout was considered accessible and easy during the Look and feel phase, and users asked for neutral images. Users found navigation easy, and expressed the need for concise and shorter text blocks. Users reached consensus about the categories of preferences, wished to adjust the content with propositions about well-being, and discussed linguistic difficulties.
By incorporating the requirements of end-users, the user-centred design proved to be useful in progressing from the prototype to the finalized tool 'What matters to me'. This tool may assist the elicitation of client's preferences in their search for long-term care.
在长期护理决策过程中，客户通常依赖于非正式支持和有关护理服务质量评级的可用信息。然而，客户在考虑首选护理时并不考虑评级，并且需要帮助来理解自己的偏好。一个可以引出长期护理偏好的工具可能会很有帮助。因此，本定性描述性研究的目的是了解用户需求，并为需要长期护理的客户开发一个基于网络的偏好引出工具。
我们应用了以用户为中心的设计，其中最终用户会影响工具的开发。所包括的最终用户是客户、亲属和医疗保健专业人员。数据收集于 2017 年 11 月至 2018 年 3 月之间进行，采用与包括四名用户的开发团队举行会议、与 21 名个人用户进行的遍历式访谈、工具使用过程中的视频-音频记录、现场记录和观察相结合的方式。数据在迭代的三个阶段中收集：外观、导航和内容。使用演绎和归纳内容分析方法进行数据分析。
在外观阶段，布局被认为是可访问且易于使用的，用户要求使用中性图像。用户发现导航很容易，并且表示需要简洁和较短的文本块。用户就偏好类别达成共识，希望用关于幸福感的提议来调整内容，并讨论了语言上的困难。
通过纳入最终用户的需求，以用户为中心的设计被证明在从原型到最终工具“对我来说重要的是什么”的进展中是有用的。该工具可能有助于引出客户在寻找长期护理时的偏好。
