College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 75 University Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2020 May;412(12):2981-2991. doi: 10.1007/s00216-020-02543-6. Epub 2020 Mar 18.
GC/MS coupled metabolomics analysis, using a simplified and much less expensive silylation process with trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN), was conducted to investigate metabolic abnormalities in stomach cancer cells. Under optimized conditions for derivatization by TMSCN and methanol extraction, 228 metabolites were detected using GC/MS spectrometry analysis, and 89 metabolites were identified using standard compounds and the NIST database. Ten metabolite levels were found to be lower in stomach cancer cells relative to normal cells. Among those ten metabolites, four metabolites-ribose, proline, pyroglutamic acid, and glucose-were known to be linked to cancers. In particular, pyroglutamic acid level showed a drastic reduction of 22-fold in stomach cancer cells. Since glutamine and glutamic acid are known to undergo cyclization to pyroglutamic acid, the 22-fold reduction might be the actual reduction in the levels of glutamine and/or glutamic acid-both known to be cancer-related. Hence, the marked reduction in pyroglutamic acid level might serve as a biomarker to aid early detection of stomach cancer. Graphical abstract.
GC/MS 联用代谢组学分析采用简化且廉价得多的三甲基硅基氰化物（TMSCN）硅烷化方法，用于研究胃癌细胞中的代谢异常。在 TMSCN 和甲醇提取的衍生化的优化条件下，使用 GC/MS 光谱分析检测到 228 种代谢物，使用标准化合物和 NIST 数据库鉴定出 89 种代谢物。与正常细胞相比，胃癌细胞中发现有 10 种代谢物水平降低。在这 10 种代谢物中，有 4 种代谢物-核糖、脯氨酸、焦谷氨酸和葡萄糖-与癌症有关。特别是焦谷氨酸水平在胃癌细胞中急剧降低了 22 倍。由于谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸已知会环化为焦谷氨酸，22 倍的减少可能是谷氨酰胺和/或谷氨酸水平的实际减少-两者都与癌症有关。因此，焦谷氨酸水平的显著降低可能作为生物标志物有助于早期发现胃癌。
