Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2024 Mar 1;326(3):H772-H785. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00625.2023. Epub 2024 Jan 12.
Resistance training (RT) is associated with improved metabolism, bone density, muscular strength, and lower risk of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and cardiovascular disease. Although RT imparts many physiological benefits, cerebrovascular adaptations to chronic RT are not well defined. Participation in RT is associated with greater resting peripheral arterial diameters, improved endothelial function, and general cardiovascular health, whereas simultaneously linked to reductions in central arterial compliance. Rapid blood pressure fluctuations during resistance exercise, combined with reduced arterial compliance, could lead to cerebral microvasculature damage and subsequent cerebral hypoperfusion. Reductions in cerebral blood flow (CBF) accompany normal aging, where chronic reductions in CBF are associated with changes in brain structure and function, and increased risk of neurodegeneration. It remains unclear whether reductions in arterial compliance with RT relate to subclinical cerebrovascular pathology, or if such adaptations require interpretation in the context of RT specifically. The purpose of this narrative review is to synthesize literature pertaining to cerebrovascular adaptations to RT at different stages of the life span. This review also aims to identify gaps in the current understanding of the long-term impacts of RT on cerebral hemodynamics and provide a mechanistic rationale for these adaptations as they relate to aging, cerebral vasculature, and overall brain health.
阻力训练（RT）与改善新陈代谢、骨密度、肌肉力量以及降低骨质疏松症、肌肉减少症和心血管疾病的风险有关。尽管 RT 带来了许多生理益处，但慢性 RT 对脑血管的适应仍未得到很好的定义。参与 RT 与更大的休息时外周动脉直径、改善的内皮功能和整体心血管健康有关，同时与中央动脉顺应性降低有关。阻力运动期间血压的快速波动，加上动脉顺应性降低，可能导致脑微血管损伤和随后的脑灌注不足。正常衰老伴随着脑血流量 (CBF) 的减少，而 CBF 的慢性减少与大脑结构和功能的变化以及神经退行性变的风险增加有关。动脉顺应性随 RT 降低是否与亚临床脑血管病理学有关，或者这种适应是否需要在特定的 RT 背景下进行解释，目前尚不清楚。本综述的目的是综合与生命不同阶段 RT 对脑血管适应性相关的文献。本综述还旨在确定当前对 RT 对大脑血液动力学的长期影响的理解中的差距，并为这些适应提供机制上的理由，因为它们与衰老、脑血管和整体大脑健康有关。
