East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 May;27(15):18392-18402. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08173-w. Epub 2020 Mar 18.
In order to learn about the status of heavy metals and ecological risks in the water of thirteen China's costal shellfish culture areas, principal component analysis was applied to analyze the distributions of five kinds of heavy metal, while the safety threshold method was employed to evaluate the ecological risks. The results showed that among the 13 shellfish culture areas, the average metal concentrations were in the order of Zn > Cu > Pb > Hg > Cd, and all heavy metals were below the second standards for sea water quality of China. The distribution of heavy metals in 13 shellfish culture areas was reflected by two principal components with the contribution rates of F1(Cu) and F2(Zn, Pb) were 36.14% and 23.40%,respectively,which was less affected by economic and geographical differences. The ecological risks assessment of five kinds of heavy metals showed that MOS10 was more than one; the probabilities of five heavy metals affecting more than 10% of aquatic organisms were 49.52%, 24.11%, 17.49%, 22.05%, and 5.66%, respectively, the ecological risk of five main heavy metals was in order Cu > Zn > Cd > Pb > Hg. In the selected thirteen shellfish culture areas, the value of msPAF of seven culture areas was higher than 20%, indicating these areas are highly ecologically contaminated by heavy metals, and the other four shellfish culture areas with value of 0, indicating that these areas have no ecological risk of heavy metals pollution.
为了解中国 13 个贝类养殖区水中重金属的状况和生态风险，应用主成分分析方法分析了 5 种重金属的分布，采用安全阈值法评价了生态风险。结果表明，在 13 个贝类养殖区中，金属平均浓度顺序为 Zn＞Cu＞Pb＞Hg＞Cd，所有重金属均低于中国海水水质二类标准。13 个贝类养殖区重金属的分布由两个主成分反映，F1(Cu)和 F2(Zn、Pb)的贡献率分别为 36.14%和 23.40%，受经济和地理差异的影响较小。5 种重金属的生态风险评估表明，MOS10 大于 1；5 种重金属影响水生生物 10%以上的概率分别为 49.52%、24.11%、17.49%、22.05%和 5.66%，5 种主要重金属的生态风险顺序为 Cu＞Zn＞Cd＞Pb＞Hg。在所选择的 13 个贝类养殖区中，有 7 个养殖区的 msPAF 值高于 20%，表明这些区域受重金属污染的生态风险较高，而另外 4 个养殖区的 msPAF 值为 0，表明这些区域没有重金属污染的生态风险。
