Singhal Rameshwari, Jain Amita, Rastogi Pavitra
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2020 Mar-Apr;24(2):163-166. doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_62_19. Epub 2020 Mar 2.
Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease of diverse microbiome, predominantly bacterial. Bacterial infection alone may not explain complete pathophysiology and clinical variations in disease pattern. Concept of herpesviruses playing a significant role in periodontal pathogenesis has been explored globally. Studies show varied results and difference may be accounted to variations existing in studied populations. The present study explored the prevalence of herpesviruses in periodontal disease of the North Indian population.
In this case-control study, tissue samples were collected from the normal gingiva (control: = 48) and deepest pocket (cases: = 48) using a single curette stroke. Periodontal disease status was assessed through the gingival index, pocket depth, and clinical attachment level which were compared to viral marker positivity.
Ninety samples from 48 healthy gingiva and 48 periodontitis patients were assessed between the age range of 17-60 years. The prevalence of cytomegalovirus was 2.083% (cases) and 2.083% (controls) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was 18.75% (cases) and 0% (controls). Odd's ratio for EBV in patients with periodontitis is calculated (Haldane-Anscombe correction) to be 21.82%. Herpes simplex virus 1/2 and varicella-zoster virus were absent in both groups.
Within the limitation of this study, EBV was found in cases of periodontitis patients. Its role in disease initiation and progression is not clear. Further studies are required to ascertain EBV as risk factor in periodontal disease.
牙周炎是一种由多种微生物群引起的多因素疾病，主要是细菌。仅细菌感染可能无法解释疾病模式中完整的病理生理学和临床变化。全球范围内都在探索疱疹病毒在牙周发病机制中发挥重要作用的概念。研究结果各异，差异可能归因于所研究人群中存在的差异。本研究探讨了北印度人群牙周疾病中疱疹病毒的患病率。
在这项病例对照研究中，使用单刮治器刮取法从正常牙龈（对照组：n = 48）和最深牙周袋（病例组：n = 48）采集组织样本。通过牙龈指数、牙周袋深度和临床附着水平评估牙周疾病状态，并与病毒标志物阳性情况进行比较。
对48例健康牙龈和48例牙周炎患者的90份样本进行了评估，年龄范围在17至60岁之间。巨细胞病毒的患病率在病例组中为2.083%，在对照组中为2.083%；爱泼斯坦 - 巴尔病毒（EBV）在病例组中为18.75%，在对照组中为0%。经计算（采用霍尔丹 - 安斯康姆校正），牙周炎患者中EBV的优势比为21.82%。两组均未检测到单纯疱疹病毒1/2和水痘 - 带状疱疹病毒。
在本研究的局限性内，牙周炎患者中发现了EBV。其在疾病起始和进展中的作用尚不清楚。需要进一步研究以确定EBV是否为牙周疾病的危险因素。
