Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
Biomed Res Int. 2020 Mar 3;2020:4791786. doi: 10.1155/2020/4791786. eCollection 2020.
Heightened activity of osteoclast is considered to be the culprit in breaking the balance during bone remodeling in pathological conditions, such as osteoporosis. As a "foe" of skeletal health, many antiosteoporosis therapies aim to inhibit osteoclastogenesis. However, bone remodeling is a dynamic process that requires the subtle coordination of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Severe suppression of osteoclast differentiation will impair bone formation because of the coupling effect. Thus, understanding the complex roles of osteoclast in maintaining proper bone remodeling is highly warranted to develop better management of osteoporosis. This review aimed to determine the varied roles of osteoclasts in maintaining skeletal health and to highlight the positive roles of osteoclasts in maintaining normal bone remodeling. Generally, osteoclasts interact with osteocytes to initiate targeted bone remodeling and have crosstalk with mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts via secreted factors or cell-cell contact to promote bone formation. We believe that a better outcome of bone remodeling disorders will be achieved when proper strategies are made to coordinate osteoclasts and osteoblasts in managing such disorders.
破骨细胞活性增强被认为是骨重建失衡的罪魁祸首，这种失衡存在于骨质疏松等病理状态中。作为骨骼健康的“敌人”，许多抗骨质疏松疗法旨在抑制破骨细胞生成。然而，骨重建是一个动态过程，需要破骨细胞和成骨细胞的微妙协调。破骨细胞分化的严重抑制会由于偶联效应而损害骨形成。因此，了解破骨细胞在维持适当骨重建中的复杂作用对于开发更好的骨质疏松症管理方法是非常必要的。本综述旨在确定破骨细胞在维持骨骼健康中的多种作用，并强调破骨细胞在维持正常骨重建中的积极作用。通常，破骨细胞与骨细胞相互作用以启动靶向骨重建，并通过分泌因子或细胞-细胞接触与间充质干细胞和成骨细胞进行交流，以促进骨形成。我们相信，通过制定适当的策略来协调破骨细胞和成骨细胞来管理这些疾病，将会取得更好的骨重建障碍治疗效果。
