The Number of Negative Lymph Nodes is Positively Associated with Survival in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients in China.

BACKGROUND

There is a controversial relationship between the negative lymph nodes (NLNs) and survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study investigates the implications of total number of NLNs on thoracic ESCC patient prognosis.

METHODS

579 thoracic ESCC patients were categorized into four groups (0-9, 10-14, 15-19 and ≥20 NLNs). Univariate analysis was done by the log-rank tests while multivariate analysis was undertaken using Cox regression models. Survival analysis was determined employing the Kaplan-Meier method.

RESULTS

When the numbers of NLNs were 9 or less, 10 to 14, 15 to 19 and 20 or more, patients of 3-year survival rates were 21.7%, 40.0%, 61.2% and 77.5%, respectively (<0.001). In the node-negative and node-positive subgroups, 3-year survival rates were 34.9% and 14.3%, 50.9% and 19.3%, 65.6% and 51.8%, 81.4% and 68.9% respectively (<0.001). Gender, tumor length, tumor differentiation, T and N stage as well as the total NLNs were found to be significantly linked to survival rates. Multivariate analysis showed tumor length, T stage, N stage and total NLNs were independent prognostic factors for ESCC patients.

CONCLUSION

NLNs numbers is a significant independent prognostic indicator for thoracic ESCC patients' survival after curative esophagectomy.