Lee Joonyoung, Zhang Tao, Chu Tsz Lun Alan, Gu Xiangli
Department of Kinesiology, Health Promotion and Recreation, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI 54311, USA.
Children (Basel). 2020 Mar 17;7(3):21. doi: 10.3390/children7030021.
A need-supportive environment can provide various motivational benefits to impact children's psychomotor developmental levels. However, very little is known about the effects of need-supportive motor skill intervention on children's motor skill competence and physical activity by gender. Guided by self-determination theory (SDT), this study aimed to (a) investigate the effect of a need-supportive fundamental movement skill (FMS) program on children's FMS competence and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and (b) explore potential gender differences in these effects. Thirty-six children (63.8% girls; = 6.52 ± 0.97) participated and were divided into two groups: an intervention group (24 need-supportive FMS sessions over eight weeks) and a control group. A repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to examine the influence of the motor skill intervention on FMS competence and MVPA over time by group (intervention, control) and gender (boys, girls). The results showed (a) significant group differences between the intervention and control group in FMS competence and MVPA ( < 0.001), (b) non-significant gender differences between boys and girls in FMS competence and MVPA ( = 0.85), and (c) non-significant interaction effects over time ( = 0.52). The findings highlight that a need-supportive FMS program may enhance FMS development and daily physical activity for both genders during the early school years.
一个需求支持性的环境可以提供各种动机方面的益处，以影响儿童的心理运动发展水平。然而，关于需求支持性运动技能干预对不同性别的儿童运动技能能力和身体活动的影响，我们知之甚少。在自我决定理论（SDT）的指导下，本研究旨在：（a）调查需求支持性基本运动技能（FMS）项目对儿童FMS能力和中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）的影响；（b）探讨这些影响中潜在的性别差异。三十六名儿童（63.8%为女孩；年龄 = 6.52 ± 0.97岁）参与了研究，并被分为两组：干预组（在八周内进行24次需求支持性FMS课程）和对照组。采用重复测量多变量方差分析（MANOVA）来检验运动技能干预对FMS能力和MVPA随时间的影响，分析因素包括组（干预组、对照组）和性别（男孩、女孩）。结果显示：（a）干预组和对照组在FMS能力和MVPA方面存在显著的组间差异（p < 0.001）；（b）男孩和女孩在FMS能力和MVPA方面不存在显著的性别差异（p = 0.85）；（c）随时间变化不存在显著的交互作用（p = 0.52）。研究结果突出表明，在小学早期，一个需求支持性的FMS项目可能会促进男女儿童的FMS发展和日常身体活动。
