Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queesland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 1;18(3):1289. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031289.
The purpose of this research is to examine whether perceived fundamental movement skills (FMS) competence mediated the relationship between actual FMS and physical activity (PA) in Hong Kong preschool-aged children.
A cross-sectional study.
148 preschool-aged children (43% girls; mean age = 4.52 ± 0.67 years) from five preschools/childcare centres completed all assessments. Actual FMS was rated using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2, whilst perceived FMS was assessed via the Pictorial Scale for Perceived Movement Skill Competence. PA was measured through accelerometry. A bootstrap method was used to assess the potential mediating effect of perceived movement skill competence on the relationship between actual FMS and PA. All mediation models were adjusted for sex and age.
Mediation analyses showed that the direct path between actual FMS and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was significant (b = 0.228, = 0.008), as was the path between MVPA and actual FMS (b = 0.214, = 0.008). However, perceived FMS competence did not mediate the association between actual FMS and MVPA in the models.
Our results showed evidence of reciprocal pathways between actual FMS and MVPA, reinforcing the need to simultaneously target both domains as part of broader developmental strategies, initiated in early childhood. Unlike emergent adolescence, perceptions of movement skill competence do not play a significant role in influencing the relationship between actual FMS proficiency and MVPA in this developmental period.
本研究旨在探讨香港学龄前儿童的基本运动技能（FMS）感知能力是否在实际 FMS 与身体活动（PA）之间起中介作用。
横断面研究。
来自五所幼儿园/托儿所的 148 名学龄前儿童（43%为女孩；平均年龄=4.52±0.67 岁）完成了所有评估。实际 FMS 使用《运动发育测试-2》进行评估，而感知 FMS 使用《感知运动技能能力图画量表》进行评估。PA 通过加速度计进行测量。使用自举法评估感知运动技能能力对实际 FMS 和 PA 之间关系的潜在中介效应。所有中介模型均根据性别和年龄进行调整。
中介分析表明，实际 FMS 与中等到剧烈身体活动（MVPA）之间的直接路径具有统计学意义（b=0.228， =0.008），MVPA 与实际 FMS 之间的路径也具有统计学意义（b=0.214， =0.008）。然而，感知 FMS 能力在模型中并未中介实际 FMS 和 MVPA 之间的关联。
我们的结果表明，实际 FMS 和 MVPA 之间存在相互关系的证据，这强调了需要同时针对这两个领域，作为早期儿童发展策略的一部分。与青春期不同，在这个发展阶段，运动技能感知能力并不在实际 FMS 熟练程度和 MVPA 之间的关系中发挥重要作用。
