Ledbetter David H, Basen Jeffry A
Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin.
Department of Psychology, University of Houston.
Am J Primatol. 1982;2(3):307-310. doi: 10.1002/ajp.1350020309.
Two zoo-reared gorillas were each given nearly 400 h of mirror exposure. Extensive mirror gazing and social behaviors were exhibited, the frequency of which decreased gradually over the study period. Neither animal demonstrated the transition from other-directed to self-directed behavior characteristic of both chimpanzees and orangutans, and no evidence of self-recognition was found using the Gallup marking paradigm. These negative findings, after extensive mirror exposure, suggest that the gorilla may be the only great ape which lacks the conceptual ability necessary for self-recognition.
两只在动物园饲养的大猩猩分别接受了近400小时的镜子暴露实验。它们表现出了大量的照镜子行为和社交行为，在研究期间这些行为的频率逐渐下降。没有一只动物表现出黑猩猩和红毛猩猩所特有的从他人导向行为向自我导向行为的转变，并且使用盖洛普标记范式未发现自我识别的证据。在长时间镜子暴露后的这些负面结果表明，大猩猩可能是唯一缺乏自我识别所需概念能力的大型猿类。
