Division of Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
Puerto Rico Department of Health, San Juan, PR, United States.
Contraception. 2020 Jun;101(6):405-411. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2020.03.001. Epub 2020 Mar 17.
The objectives of this analysis were to 1) estimate prevalence of contraceptive use among women at risk for unintended pregnancy and 2) identify correlates of contraceptive use among women with ongoing or potential need for contraceptive services in Puerto Rico during the 2016 Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak.
We conducted a cell-phone survey July-November, 2016. Women aged 18-49 years living in Puerto Rico were eligible. We completed 3059 interviews; the overall response rate was 69.2%. After weighting, the data provide population-based estimates. For this analysis, we included women at risk for unintended pregnancy, and assessed ongoing or potential need for contraceptive services in this group, excluding women using permanent contraceptive methods.
Most women reported using contraception (82.8%), and use increased with age. Female sterilization and male condoms were most frequently reported (40.8% and 17.1%, respectively). Among women with ongoing or potential need for contraceptive services, 24.7% talked to a healthcare provider about ZIKV, and 31.2% reported a change in childbearing intentions due to ZIKV. Most women were at least a little worried about getting infected with ZIKV (74.3%) or having a baby with a birth defect (80.9%). Being very worried about getting infected with ZIKV and already having Zika were significantly associated with use of any contraception (adjusted prevalence ratio: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.03-1.38 and 1.32, 95% CI: 1.01-1.72, respectively).
These findings underscore the need for regular contraceptive prevalence studies to inform programs about contraceptive needs, especially during public health emergencies.
When the 2016 Zika virus outbreak began in Puerto Rico there were no recent population-based data available on contraceptive prevalence. To fill this information gap, we conducted a population-based survey. Our findings provided baseline contraceptive prevalence estimates to support response planning and allocation of health resources.
本分析旨在 1）估计有意外怀孕风险的女性使用避孕措施的比例，以及 2）确定波多黎各 2016 年寨卡病毒（ZIKV）爆发期间，持续或潜在需要避孕服务的女性使用避孕措施的相关因素。
我们于 2016 年 7 月至 11 月进行了手机调查。年龄在 18-49 岁之间居住在波多黎各的女性符合条件。我们完成了 3059 次访谈；总回复率为 69.2%。经过加权，这些数据提供了基于人群的估计。在本分析中，我们纳入了有意外怀孕风险的女性，并评估了该人群中持续或潜在需要避孕服务的情况，排除了使用永久性避孕方法的女性。
大多数女性报告使用了避孕措施（82.8%），且随着年龄的增长而增加。女性绝育和男用避孕套的使用率最高（分别为 40.8%和 17.1%）。在有持续或潜在需要避孕服务的女性中，24.7%与医疗保健提供者讨论了寨卡病毒，31.2%报告因寨卡病毒改变了生育意愿。大多数女性对感染寨卡病毒（74.3%）或生育有出生缺陷的婴儿（80.9%）至少有些担忧。非常担心感染寨卡病毒和已经感染寨卡病毒的女性与使用任何避孕措施显著相关（调整后的流行率比：1.19，95%CI：1.03-1.38 和 1.32，95%CI：1.01-1.72）。
这些发现强调了需要定期进行避孕流行率研究，以告知计划有关避孕需求的信息，尤其是在公共卫生紧急情况下。
当 2016 年寨卡病毒在波多黎各爆发时，没有最近的基于人群的避孕流行率数据。为了填补这一信息空白，我们进行了一项基于人群的调查。我们的发现提供了基线避孕流行率估计值，以支持应对计划和卫生资源的分配。
