University of Florida.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2020 Jul;53(3):1299-1303. doi: 10.1002/jaba.701. Epub 2020 Mar 20.
Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) has a long history as a behavioral treatment. The term has usually been defined in a manner that suggests one form of behavior (usually some appropriate alternative) is reinforced, while another form of behavior (usually problem behavior) is placed on extinction. In this paper, we will suggest that DRA should not require extinction, either procedurally or by definition. Ideally, problem behavior would be placed on extinction when possible; however, when problem behavior is not or cannot be placed on extinction, the procedure used is still DRA. Thus, we propose the following definition: Providing greater reinforcement, along at least one dimension, contingent on the occurrence of one form or type of behavior, while minimizing reinforcement for another form or type of behavior.
差别强化（Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior，DRA）作为一种行为治疗方法具有悠久的历史。该术语通常被定义为一种形式的行为（通常是一些适当的替代行为）得到强化，而另一种形式的行为（通常是问题行为）则被置于消退状态。在本文中，我们将提出 DRA 不应该需要消退，无论是程序上还是定义上。理想情况下，当可能时，应将问题行为置于消退状态；然而，当问题行为不能或不能被置于消退状态时，所使用的程序仍然是 DRA。因此，我们提出以下定义：在至少一个维度上，根据一种行为形式或类型的发生，提供更大的强化，同时将另一种行为形式或类型的强化最小化。
