Herold Fabian, Aye Norman, Lehmann Nico, Taubert Marco, Müller Notger G
Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
Brain Sci. 2020 Mar 18;10(3):175. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10030175.
The fact that a single bout of acute physical exercise has a positive impact on cognition is well-established in the literature, but the neural correlates that underlie these cognitive improvements are not well understood. Here, the use of neuroimaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), offers great potential, which is just starting to be recognized. This review aims at providing an overview of those studies that used fMRI to investigate the effects of acute physical exercises on cerebral hemodynamics and cognition. To this end, a systematic literature survey was conducted by two independent reviewers across five electronic databases. The search returned 668 studies, of which 14 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in this systematic review. Although the findings of the reviewed studies suggest that acute physical exercise (e.g., cycling) leads to profound changes in functional brain activation, the small number of available studies and the great variability in the study protocols limits the conclusions that can be drawn with certainty. In order to overcome these limitations, new, more well-designed trials are needed that (i) use a more rigorous study design, (ii) apply more sophisticated filter methods in fMRI data analysis, (iii) describe the applied processing steps of fMRI data analysis in more detail, and (iv) provide a more precise exercise prescription.
单次急性体育锻炼对认知有积极影响这一事实在文献中已得到充分证实，但这些认知改善背后的神经关联尚未得到充分理解。在此，功能磁共振成像（fMRI）等神经成像技术的应用具有巨大潜力，而这一潜力才刚刚开始被认识到。本综述旨在概述那些使用fMRI研究急性体育锻炼对脑血流动力学和认知影响的研究。为此，两名独立评审员在五个电子数据库中进行了系统的文献检索。检索结果为668项研究，其中14项研究符合纳入标准并在本系统综述中进行了分析。尽管所综述研究的结果表明急性体育锻炼（如骑自行车）会导致大脑功能激活发生深刻变化，但现有研究数量较少且研究方案差异很大，这限制了能够确定得出的结论。为了克服这些局限性，需要新的、设计更完善的试验，这些试验要（i）采用更严格的研究设计，（ii）在fMRI数据分析中应用更复杂的滤波方法，（iii）更详细地描述fMRI数据分析所应用的处理步骤，以及（iv）提供更精确的运动处方。
