Institute of Dermatology, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy.
Institute of Dermatology, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy.
Clin Dermatol. 2020 Jan-Feb;38(1):113-121. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2019.10.013. Epub 2019 Nov 11.
A prompt recognition of life-threatening and severe acute rashes is of utmost importance to start an appropriate therapy as soon as possible. Consequently, clinicians often must rely only on clinical data to make a diagnosis because some diagnostic procedures may take a relatively long time to be performed (eg, histologic examination, microbiologic tests). In this scenario, dermatoscopy may be useful as an auxiliary tool to support the diagnosis by highlighting subclinical features. We have provided an up-to-date overview on the use of dermatoscopic assessment in life-threatening and severe acute dermatoses, including erythroderma (due to psoriasis, eczema, pityriasis rubra pilaris, mycosis fungoides, and drugs), pustular eruptions (pustular psoriasis and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis), bullous eruptions (staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and pemphigus vulgaris), hemorrhagic eruptions (necrotizing vasculitis and calciphylaxis), and erythematous eruptions (erythema multiforme major, Sweet syndrome, and DRESS syndrome).
及时识别危及生命和严重的急性皮疹至关重要，以便尽快开始进行适当的治疗。因此，临床医生通常只能依靠临床数据来做出诊断，因为一些诊断程序可能需要相对较长的时间才能完成（例如，组织学检查、微生物学检查）。在这种情况下，皮肤镜检查可能有助于作为一种辅助工具，通过突出亚临床特征来支持诊断。我们提供了最新的关于皮肤镜评估在危及生命和严重急性皮肤病中的应用概述，包括红皮病（由银屑病、湿疹、毛发红糠疹、蕈样肉芽肿和药物引起）、脓疱性发疹（脓疱性银屑病和急性全身性发疹性脓疱病）、大疱性发疹（葡萄球菌性烫伤样皮肤综合征、中毒性表皮坏死松解症和寻常性天疱疮）、出血性发疹（坏死性血管炎和钙化性血管病）和红斑性发疹（多形红斑大疱性、Sweet 综合征和 DRESS 综合征）。
