Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
Neurophysiology Department, Beijing ChaoYang Emergency Medical Center, Beijing, 100122, China.
Chembiochem. 2020 Aug 3;21(15):2089-2097. doi: 10.1002/cbic.202000079. Epub 2020 Apr 21.
Nanopores have become powerful and versatile tools for measuring single molecules since their emergence in the mid-1990s. They can be used to sense a wide variety of analytes including metal ions, small organic molecules, DNA/RNA, proteins, etc. to monitor chemical reactions, and to sequence DNA. Recently, enzymes have been studied by using nanopore technologies. In this Minireview, we highlight recent efforts in developing nanopore enzymology and categorize the related work into three groups: 1) measuring enzymatic activities with nanopore-enzyme hybrids; 2) measuring enzymatic activities through sensing their catalytic products with nanopores; 3) the use of enzymes for DNA sequencing and DNA/protein translocation. At the end, we discuss the challenges and opportunities in nanopore enzymology.
自 20 世纪 90 年代中期问世以来，纳米孔已成为测量单分子的强大而通用的工具。它们可用于检测各种分析物，包括金属离子、小分子、DNA/RNA、蛋白质等，以监测化学反应和测序 DNA。最近，人们利用纳米孔技术研究了酶。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了开发纳米孔酶学的最新进展，并将相关工作分为三组：1）用纳米孔-酶杂合体测量酶活性；2）通过纳米孔检测其催化产物来测量酶活性；3）利用酶进行 DNA 测序和 DNA/蛋白质转位。最后，我们讨论了纳米孔酶学中的挑战和机遇。
