Groningen Biomolecular Sciences & Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Groningen Biomolecular Sciences & Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Methods Enzymol. 2021;649:567-585. doi: 10.1016/bs.mie.2021.01.007. Epub 2021 Feb 26.
Pore-forming toxins are used in a variety of biotechnological applications. Typically, individual membrane proteins are reconstituted in artificial lipid bilayers where they form water-filled nanoscale apertures (nanopores). When a voltage is applied, the ionic current passing through a nanopore can be used for example to sequence biopolymers, identify molecules, or to study chemical or enzymatic reactions at the single-molecule level. Here we present strategies for studying individual enzymes and measuring molecules, also in highly complex biological samples such as blood.
孔形成毒素在各种生物技术应用中被使用。通常，单个膜蛋白在人工脂质双层中被重建，在那里它们形成充满水的纳米尺度孔（纳米孔）。当施加电压时，穿过纳米孔的离子电流可用于例如对生物聚合物进行测序、识别分子，或在单分子水平上研究化学或酶反应。在这里，我们提出了研究单个酶和测量分子的策略，也可用于血液等高度复杂的生物样本。
