Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, 11 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2020 Apr 8;68(14):4098-4108. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00688. Epub 2020 Mar 30.
Sarcopenia commonly occurs in the elderly and patients with wasting diseases. The main reason is an imbalance in protein metabolism (protein degradation exceeding protein synthesis). It causes a serious decline in muscle strength and motion ability, even leading to long-term bed rest. Recent studies indicate that nutritional support is beneficial for ameliorating sarcopenia and restoring muscle function. This review will summarize the classical mechanisms of protein nutritional support for alleviating sarcopenia, such as modulating the ubiquitin-proteasome system, oxidative response, and cell autophagy, as well as the potential new mechanisms, including altering miRNA profiles and gut microbiota. In addition, the clinical application and outcome of protein nutritional support in the elderly and patients with wasting diseases are also introduced. Protein nutritional support is expected to provide new approaches for the prevention and adjuvant therapy of sarcopenia.
肌肉减少症常见于老年人和消耗性疾病患者。主要原因是蛋白质代谢失衡（蛋白质降解超过蛋白质合成）。它导致肌肉力量和运动能力严重下降，甚至导致长期卧床。最近的研究表明，营养支持有利于改善肌肉减少症并恢复肌肉功能。本综述将总结蛋白质营养支持缓解肌肉减少症的经典机制，如调节泛素-蛋白酶体系统、氧化反应和细胞自噬，以及包括改变 miRNA 谱和肠道微生物群在内的潜在新机制。此外，还介绍了蛋白质营养支持在老年人和消耗性疾病患者中的临床应用和效果。蛋白质营养支持有望为肌肉减少症的预防和辅助治疗提供新的方法。
