Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2020 Sep;44(9):1884-1892. doi: 10.1038/s41366-020-0569-8. Epub 2020 Mar 17.
Previous studies have reported that high-dose supplementation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may reduce the risk of metabolic diseases, but there is limited evidence of an effect on body fat. We examined the associations of erythrocyte n-3 PUFAs with body fat and fat distribution in a general population consuming a normal diet.
This community-based cross-sectional study included 3075 Chinese (68% women, 40-75 years) recruited between 2008 and 2013. We collected general information and measured anthropometric indices; erythrocyte n-3 PUFAs (including α-C18:3, C20:5, C22:5 and C22:6) by gas-chromatography, and fat mass (FM) and %FM at the total body (TB), android (A) and gynoid (G) regions by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
Both minimally and maximally adjusted models showed dose-dependent inverse associations of total and individual levels of erythrocyte n-3 PUFAs (except C20:5 n-3[EPA]) with adiposity indices. In the full model, the mean differences between quartiles 4 and 1 of total n-3 PUFAs were -1.60% (BMI), -4.06% (TB FM), -5.38% (A FM), -2.05% (G FM), -2.05% (TB %FM), -3.39% (A %FM) and -2.50% (% A/G); the ORs (95% CI) of %FM-derived obesity (≥25% for men, ≥35% for women) for the highest (vs. lowest) quartile were 0.70 (0.57, 0.86) for total n-3 PUFAs and 0.71 (0.58, 0.87), 0.96(0.78, 1.18), 0.82(0.67, 1.00), 0.66 (0.54, 0.81) for α-C18:3/C20:5/C22:5/C22:6 n-3, respectively. The favourable associations were more pronounced for the DXA-derived FM indices, measurements at the android region and for C22:6 n-3. No significant associations between C20:5 n-3 and the adiposity indices were observed.
Higher levels of circulating n-3 PUFAs were dose-dependently associated with better profiles of body fat and fat distribution, particularly in the abdominal regions in this population.
先前的研究报告称，高剂量补充 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）可能降低代谢性疾病的风险，但关于其对体脂的影响证据有限。我们在摄入正常饮食的一般人群中，研究了红细胞 n-3 PUFAs 与体脂和体脂分布的关系。
这项基于社区的横断面研究纳入了 2008 年至 2013 年间招募的 3075 名中国成年人（68%为女性，年龄 40-75 岁）。我们收集了一般信息和人体测量指标；通过气相色谱法测量红细胞 n-3 PUFAs（包括α-C18：3、C20：5、C22：5 和 C22：6），通过双能 X 射线吸收法（DXA）测量全身（TB）、腹型（A）和臀型（G）区域的脂肪量（FM）和%FM。
在最小和最大调整模型中，红细胞 n-3 PUFAs 的总水平和个体水平与肥胖指数呈剂量依赖性负相关（除 C20：5 n-3[EPA]外）。在全模型中，总 n-3 PUFAs 四分位 4 与 1 之间的平均差异分别为 -1.60%（BMI）、-4.06%（TB FM）、-5.38%（A FM）、-2.05%（G FM）、-2.05%（TB %FM）、-3.39%（A %FM）和-2.50%（% A/G）；最高（与最低）四分位的 FM 衍生肥胖（男性≥25%，女性≥35%）的 OR（95%CI）分别为总 n-3 PUFAs 的 0.70（0.57，0.86）和 0.71（0.58，0.87）、α-C18：3/C20：5/C22：5/C22：6 n-3 的 0.96（0.78，1.18）、0.82（0.67，1.00）、0.66（0.54，0.81）。在腹部区域和 C22：6 n-3 方面，这些有利关联在 DXA 衍生的 FM 指数测量中更为明显。C20：5 n-3 与肥胖指数之间没有显著关联。
在该人群中，循环 n-3 PUFAs 水平较高与体脂和体脂分布状况较好呈剂量依赖性相关，尤其是在腹部区域。
