Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Molecules. 2020 Mar 19;25(6):1398. doi: 10.3390/molecules25061398.
One of the most relevant drawbacks in medicine is the ability of drugs and/or imaging agents to reach cells. Nanotechnology opened new horizons in drug delivery, and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) represent a promising delivery vehicle for their adjustable size and shape, high-density surface ligand attachment, etc. AgNPs cellular uptake involves different endocytosis mechanisms, including lipid raft-mediated endocytosis. Since static magnetic fields (SMFs) exposure induces plasma membrane perturbation, including the rearrangement of lipid rafts, we investigated whether SMF could increase the amount of AgNPs able to pass the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) plasma membrane. To this purpose, the effect of 6-mT SMF exposure on the redistribution of two main lipid raft components (i.e., disialoganglioside GD3, cholesterol) and on AgNPs uptake efficiency was investigated. Results showed that 6 mT SMF: (i) induces a time-dependent GD3 and cholesterol redistribution in plasma membrane lipid rafts and modulates gene expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), (ii) increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation, (iii) does not induce cell death and (iv) induces lipid rafts rearrangement, that, in turn, favors the uptake of AgNPs. Thus, it derives that SMF exposure could be exploited to enhance the internalization of NPs-loaded therapeutic or diagnostic molecules.
在医学中,最相关的缺陷之一是药物和/或成像剂到达细胞的能力。纳米技术为药物输送开辟了新的视野,银纳米颗粒(AgNPs)因其可调节的尺寸和形状、高密度表面配体附着等特性,成为一种很有前途的输送载体。AgNPs 的细胞摄取涉及不同的内吞作用机制,包括脂筏介导的内吞作用。由于静磁场(SMF)暴露会引起细胞膜的扰动,包括脂筏的重排,我们研究了 SMF 是否可以增加能够穿过外周血淋巴细胞(PBLs)细胞膜的 AgNPs 的数量。为此,我们研究了 6 mT SMF 暴露对两种主要脂筏成分(即双唾液酸神经节苷脂 GD3、胆固醇)的再分布以及 AgNPs 摄取效率的影响。结果表明,6 mT SMF:(i)诱导细胞膜脂筏中 GD3 和胆固醇的时间依赖性再分布,并调节三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运蛋白 A1(ABCA1)的基因表达,(ii)增加活性氧(ROS)的产生和脂质过氧化,(iii)不诱导细胞死亡,(iv)诱导脂筏重排,从而有利于 AgNPs 的摄取。因此,SMF 暴露可以被用来增强负载治疗或诊断分子的 NPs 的内化。
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