Department of Pediatrics, Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical College for Women , Sonepat, India.
Department of Community Medicine, PGIMS , Rohtak, India.
Paediatr Int Child Health. 2020 Aug;40(3):158-165. doi: 10.1080/20469047.2020.1739381. Epub 2020 Mar 24.
Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a parasitic infection acquired by consuming food and water contaminated by the faeces of a tapeworm carrier. It is an important cause of acquired seizures and also the common identifiable cause of new-onset seizures in children.
A hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study of NCC was undertaken in a medical college in north-west India. All patients aged 1-15 years admitted to the paediatric emergency room with a first-onset seizure were selected.NCC was diagnosed and staged on the basis of MRI findings. A structured, pretested schedule was administered to each patient's parent for analysis of risk factors for NCC.
Of 79 patients with first-onset seizure, 43 (54.4% were diagnosed with NCC based on MRI findings. The association of NCC with age and pig-rearing near the patients' homes was statistically significant ( = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively). The association between NCC and other risk factors such as gender, religion, father's occupation, parents' literacy, source and storage of drinking water, the washing and peeling of fruit and vegetables and distance of refuse disposal from residential areas was not statistically significant. Although open defaecation is an important risk factor for transmission of NCC, there was no significant association with NCC.
In India, NCC is a common cause of first-onset seizure. The major risk factors are poor environmental sanitation and poor food and drinking water hygiene. NCC can be controlled and prevented by generating awareness of hygienic consumption of food and water and the provision of good sanitation.
神经囊虫病（NCC）是一种寄生虫感染，通过食用被绦虫携带者粪便污染的食物和水而获得。它是获得性癫痫发作的重要原因，也是儿童新发癫痫发作的常见可识别原因。
在印度西北部的一所医学院进行了一项基于医院的前瞻性病例对照研究。选择了因首次发作癫痫而被送入儿科急诊室的所有 1-15 岁患者。根据 MRI 结果诊断和分期 NCC。为每位患者的家长制定了一份结构化的预测试表，以分析 NCC 的危险因素。
在 79 例首次发作癫痫的患者中，43 例（54.4%）根据 MRI 结果诊断为 NCC。NCC 与年龄和患者家附近养猪的关联具有统计学意义（分别为 = 0.01 和 0.02）。NCC 与其他危险因素（如性别、宗教、父亲的职业、父母的文化程度、饮用水的来源和储存、水果和蔬菜的清洗和去皮以及垃圾处理与居民区的距离）之间的关联没有统计学意义。尽管露天排便是传播 NCC 的重要危险因素，但与 NCC 没有显著关联。
在印度，NCC 是首次发作癫痫的常见原因。主要的危险因素是环境卫生差和食物及饮用水卫生条件差。通过提高对食物和水的卫生消费意识以及提供良好的卫生设施，可以控制和预防 NCC。
